Determination of Aflatoxin in Raw and Pasteurized Milk by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in Central Ethiopia
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2021
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Ababa University
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2020 to May 2021 with the aim of detecting and quantifying the amount of aflatoxin M1(AFM1) in raw and pasteurized milk in central Ethiopia by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using C18 column with fluorescence detector. The mobile phase was water-acetonitrile-methanol (60:25:15V/V/V) at flow rate of 1ml/minute. The HPLC instrument was conditioned with working standard solution of different concentration (0.05 to 4μg/l) to get the calibration curve. The obtained linearity(r) of concentration with their peak area was 0.99937 and the coefficient of determination (r2) was 0.99875. The study was conducted on total of 114 cow milk samples consisting of 60 raw milk and 54 pasteurized milks. From the total 114 tested milk sample AFM1 was detected on 79(69.3%) of them. From those positive samples 25.4% of them contain AFM1 above the maximum limit of EU (0.05 μg/l) and 1.8% of them contain above the maximum limit of FDA (0.5 μg/l). The maximum and mean concentration were 0.893 and 0.0465 respectively. The study result shows significant difference between contamination level of AFM1 in raw milk with considered risk factors (storage time, presence of noug in feed, using grazing or not). Higher contamination of AFM1 was detected in pasteurized milk (96.3%) than raw milk (16.7%). 35.2% of pasteurized milk and 16% of raw milk was contain AFM1 above the maximum limit of 0.05ug/l. There was no significance difference between brands of pasteurized milk which was considered in this study. Which means, pasteurization didn’t remove aflatoxin from milk. Site of sample collection have significant difference. 26.7% of sample from Sebata and 6.7% from sululta contain above the maximum limit (0.05 μg/L). In conclusion, AFM1 concentration level both in raw and pasteurized milk was not safe for human consumption. Due to its heat resistant properties AFM1 found in pasteurized milk which pose great public health risk both for children and adults. Thus, awareness creation on feed management practice of farmers, because animal feed is the main source of aflatoxin and risk mitigation method is very crucial to reduce its public health threat.
Description
Keywords
AFM1, Dairy Farm, HPLC, Raw milk, Pasteurized milk, Sebata, Sululta