Evaluating the association between duration of breastfeeding and fine motor development among children aged 20 to 24 months in Butajira, Ethiopia
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Date
2019-10
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: In child development, the first two years have critical importance. At this stage breast milk is an important source of nutrition but the breastfeeding practice is poor and it is decreasing. The effect of developmental delay is pronounced in developing countries due to limited access to other resources that complement breast milk for mental development. The roles of nutritional and environmental factors on child development need to be studied for possible intervention.
Objective: To assess the association between duration of breastfeeding and fine motor delay among children aged 20 to 24 months living in Butajira, southern Ethiopia.
Method: This study was conducted among 20 to 24 months old children employing community-based case-control study design. Cases and controls were identified by conducting screening among children from 20 to 24 months living in Butajira. Fine motor was assessed using Denver developmental screening test. Independent variables were assessed using interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were entered on to Epi-data version 4.4.2.1 computer software and exported into STATA version 14 for data cleaning and analysis. Descriptive statistics was determined and binary logistic regression was used for the association. Variables with p-value <0.2 on bivariable test and variables that have important clinical significance were added to multivariable logistic regression model and checked for significant association, which was declared at a 95% confidence level.
Result: The study has a sample size of 332 with 83 cases and 249 controls of children aged 20 to 24 months. We didn’t find significant protective effect of breastfeeding for fine motor delay for children who were breastfed from 18 to 20 months [AOR: 0.42, 95% CI :( 0.12, 1.42)] and for children who were breastfed from 21 to 24 months [AOR: 0.77, 95% CI :( 0.33, 1.81)] compared to breastfed less than 18 months. Children who were stunted were 2 times more likely to have fine motor delay than children who were not [AOR: 2.04, 95% CI :( 1.11, 3.74)]. Females were 2 times more likely to have fine motor delay than males [AOR: 2.15, 95% CI :( 1.18, 3.89)]. Children who had mothers in the primary school were 71% less likely [AOR: 0.12, 95% CI :( 0.14, 0.70)] and children who had mothers in the secondary school were 80% less likely [AOR: 0.20, 95% CI: (0.06, 0.70)] to have fine motor delay than mothers who didn’t have formal education.
Conclusion: Duration of breastfeeding was not associated with fine motor delay for children aged 20 to 24 months old. Stunting, being a female and educational status of the mother were identified to have significant association with fine motor delay. Malnutrition should be prevented and all children should get access to adequate care and nutrition
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Keywords
Breastfeeding , fine motor development