Women with Unmet Need for Contraception and their Reasons for not Using a Method in Oromiya Region, Bale Zone, Goba Woreda

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Date

2009

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Addis Ababa University

Abstract

Context: Sub Saharan African countries lag behind the rematmng of world in contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR). The level of unmetJor family planning is also highest for the region. Being part of the region. Ethiopia is not an exception to this situation. It is evident that unmet need for family planning has many undesirable consequences. Among other things. maternal morbidity and mortality. unwanted pregnancy which could end up with unsafe abortion. and infant mortality are the most noted consequences of unmet need. The ultimate goal of this study is to identify the socioeconomic. demographic and family planning program related causes of unmet need among currently married women of reproductive age in Oromiya region. Bale zone. Goba Woreda. Moreover. the study was aimed at assessing reasons for current and future non use of contraceptive methods among women with unmet need. Method: A community based cross-sectional study design was employed to achieve the stated objectives. Multi-stage stratified sampling and systematic random sampling were used to select tile 827 women for interview. To analyze the data both bivariate and multivariate techniques of data analysis were applied. Chi square test was employed to see association between each predictive and outcome variable. Logistic regreSSion is also fit to identify determinants of unmet need for contraception using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS Ver.15). Qualitative data were also generated using FGD and personal interview with health worker to supplement and further interpret the results of the quantitative data. Results: The results indicate that majority of the respondents were rural residents (55.3%). orthodox Christians (47%) with no formal education (58.5%). and only one third (33.1%) of them currently working. Oromo is the single most dominant (69.9%) ethnic group among the women. Substantial proportions (22.9%) of women were also found in the age group 25-29 years. In terms of their dedared reproductive status the fecund. pregnant. amenorrheic and menopausal/in fecund constitute for 46.7%. 9.6%. 25.4% and 18.4% respectively. Knowledge about family planning is found to be very high (92%) among respondents. More interestingly. 50.5% of the respondents know four and over methods of family planning. With regard to spousal communication. half (49.5%) of the study subjects never discussed family planning with their husbands. Moreover. four fifth (79.1 %) and greater than three fifth (63.1%) of the respondents never discussed with health extension workers and never visited a healthfacility respectively. The level of unmet need for contraception in the study area (i,e.32.5%) is almost doser tn the national average (34%). Unmet need for spacing (17.3%) is slightly greater than unmet need for limiting 115.2%). As it is evidenced elsewhere the level of unmet need is higher among rural women than their urban counterparts (42.5% versus 20.3% respectively). The logistic regression model depicts. among other variables. number of living children. spousal communication. visit of a health facility. discussion with health extension workers. age and ethnicity are determinants of unmet need. Conclusion: Number of living children that women have increases the Weelmood of unmet need among women. Conversely. discussion with health extension workers and husbands. increasing age of women. and women's visit of health facility where family planning is integrated in to MCH reduce the chance of having unmet need among women. Finally. the study recommends that women in their lower reproductive age should be given top priority. Moreover. MCH program should be expanded to areas where it is absent and family planning programmers should exert due effort to encourage males to discuss with their wives about FP and take part in contraceptive use.

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Contraception and their Reasons

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