Assessment of Hematological Profile among Adult Clients Visiting for Wellness Service at International Clinical Laboratories, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2021-09
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Hematological profiles are affected by commonly known pathological factors.
However, nutritional, behavioral and life style factors may vary those parameters among
apparently healthy individuals. Little is known about hematological profile of apparently healthy
individuals seeking wellness service in resource limited settings like Ethiopia. Objective: To assess the hematological profile of individuals visiting International Clinical
Laboratory (ICL) Wellness service in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2020
among 422 apparently healthy study participants. Demographic data were collected using
structured questionnaire. Blood samples collected in EDTA tubes were analyzed using Cell-Dyn
Ruby 5-Diff hematology analyzer. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Results were compared between categorical variables (age and sex) using parametric tests
(Independent t test and ANOVA) for continuous variables. Chi-square and binary logistic
regression were used to see the relation between independent variables and hematological
abnormalities. P-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Result: A total of 422 apparently healthy clients (226 males, 53.6%) were included. Their age
ranged from 18 – 87 years, with a median (IQR) age of 43 (35-54) years. The mean+SD of
WBC, RBC and PLT counts among males were 5.87+1.73, 5.65+0.62 and 250.38±71.58; while
the counts among females were 5.95±1.99, 5.09±0.49 and 276.89±74.13, respectively
Hematological parameters RBC (p<0.001), HGB (p<0.001), HCT (p<0.001), and absolute
lymphocyte count (p=0.028) were significantly higher in males than females, whereas platelet
(p<0.001) and absolute neutrophil count (p=0.012) were significantly higher in female
counterparts. There was no statistically significant difference in hematological profiles among
the age groups. There was statistically significant variation between mean values in the current
study and the reference range in current clinical use. Among the total study participants, 12
(5.3%) males and 11 (5.6%) females had anemia. On the other hand, 7 (3.1%) males and 12
(6.1%) females, 3 (1.3%) males and 2 (1%) females, 1 (0.4%) male and 4 (2%) females were
found to be leucopenic, thrombocytopenic and lymphopenic, respectively
Conclusion: Hematological parameters of study participants have shown significant variation
from the established ones. Thus, further investigation needs to be done to confirm our results and
establish reference range applicable for local regions.
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Keywords
Hematological profile, Apparently healthy, ICL Wellness service, Addis Ababa