Bacterial profile, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated risk Factors among septicemia suspected pediatrics patients at Zewuditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2017-06
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Introduction: Septicemia defined as the presence of bacteria in the blood and is often associated
with severe infections. It causes great impact in terms of mortality, morbidity and increased in
healthcare cost. There are many risk factors of septicemia among different patient groups.
Objectives: The study was designed to assess bacterial profile, antibiotic susceptibility pattern
and associated risk factor of pediatrics septicemia at Zewuditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia.
Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study design; conducted at Zewuditu Memorial
Hospital from June 5, 2016 to March 8, 2017.A total of 309 study participants who were suspected
for septicemia recruited .Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected from each patient.
Blood was drawn aseptically and inoculated at bedside on Trypto Soya Broth. Gram stain was
performed and the specimen was sub cultured every other day on to blood agar, chocolate agar
and MacConkey agar plates. For culture positive; colony characteristics and Biochemical tests
used for species identification. All the isolatestested for susceptibility by using Kirby-Bauer’s
disk diffusion method. All data entered to EPIINFO version 3.5.1 and then exported to SPSS
statistical software version 20 for data analysis. Multiple Logistic regression analysis was used to
see the association between dependent and independent variables.
Results: Out of 309 samples, 113(36.5%) showed bacterial growth, 84(74.3%) gram positive and
29(25.3%) gram negative bacteria. Commonly isolated organisms were Staphylococcus aureus
57(50.4%),Coagulase negative Staphylococci25(22%) and Klebsiellapneumoniae21(18.5%).
Birth weight, underlying chronic disease, congenital anomalies, neutrophil percentage, source of
infection and age of the pediatrics were associated with positive blood culture. Both Gram
positive and negative bacteria showed resistance for commonly prescribed antibiotics.
Clindamycin was the most effective antibiotic for gram positive bacteria while for gram negative
bacteria cefotetan and ceftraxion were effective drugs for gram negative bacteria.
Conclusion: The pattern of organism that cause pediatrics septicemia changes over time and in
geographical location. High prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was noted in this study,
especially in gram negative bacteria. Moreover multi-drug resistance of the isolate was
surprisingly high (89.3%).
Keyword: septicemia, bacteriological profile, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, blood culture
Description
Keywords
Septicemia, Bacteriological profil, Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern