Nutritional Composition, Antioxidant Proporty and Toxicity Evaluation of the Root and Gel of Aloe Percrassa Tod.
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Date
2017-02
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Addis Ababa,University
Abstract
Different Aloe species can be utilized in \'{trious!orms. HOll'e\'er, A. percrassa has not been
utilized to its Jullest due to lack oj inJorma/ioIJ. 71I11S, ;n this sflldy Ihe proxima/e. aminutritional,
antioxidanl composilion and toxicity of melhanol exlract oj Ihe gel and root a/A.
percrassa were determined. The proximale composition analysis im'olved the moisilire. crude
prolein, crude fibre, crude fal. ash and carbohydra/e conlents while the anti-mllritional
assessment involved f{lI1nillS and phyulle. 71le anlioxidclIIt property was delermined /Ising
DPPH free radical scavengillg melhod. 71w acule and sub-acute /Oxicities were elYllllated on
mice by oral administralion of extracts Jor 2-1 hr and 28 days. respeclively. HislOpcllh%gical
changes on the liver and kidney of mice were examined on haemaloxylin-eosin stained tissue
sectiolls. The moisture cOnlent covered the uppermost portion of the plant pari, thai is, 97 and
82.27% of Ihe gel and root, respectively. The gel of A. percrassa was found /0 contain
carbohydrate (2.27%) and ash (0.45%) content while the root has carbohydrate (8. -11 %),
fiber (7.59%) and ash (0.88%). The protein and fat (.'ontent were fOllnd 10 be relatively low.
0.13 and 0.08% in Ihe gel and 0.59 and 0.26% in the rOOI, respectively. The lel'el of minerals
such as calcium, potassium, sodium and iron in Ihe root extract were 871.03, 387.86, 378.03
and 9.39 mgl lOO g powder, reJpectively. The gel is also rich in K, Co, Na, P, Z" and Fe 1I'ith
4765.23, 782.76, 280.15, 3.55 and 3.02 mgllOO g puwder, reJpeclively, The cmfioxid(1II1
results also indicated thai both exlracts displayed concentralion dependent inhibilory
activities, though not high, with ICJO values of 108.76 Jar Ihe root and 316.9211g1LJor the gel
exceeding Ihe standard ascorbic acid with ICJo value oj 41.82 )Jgl L. 111 the gel, /{mnin and
phytate contents were 5.61 mgl lOO g and 127.90 mgllOO g, respeclively whereas Ihe roOI part
coll/ains lower lallllill collfelll (49.26 mgl lOO g) bllt higher phylate content 0/1497.20 mg/ IOO
g on dly weight bases. Concerning lOX icily studies, lite acute toxicity sludy bOlh root and gel
extracts al a dose rate oj 2. -I of 6 g/kg didn 'l cause mortality or induce physical signs of
toxicity on mice dllring Ihe 2-1 hr obsen:alioll period. The LDJO oj exfracts oj Ihe rOOI and gel
of A. percrassa is estimated 10 be grealer Ihall 6 g/kg. The sub-acule toxicity study also
showed neifher dealh of the mice 1101' significalll difference in /wematological and blood
chemistry results showed compared to Ihe cOlltrol group. Howel'er. hislOplllhological
examination slighl focal defects were observed ill Ihe sectioned liver alld kidney 0/ Jour test
mice. III conclusion, Ihe findings oj Ihe present study suggesl lhat there is an indication that
A. percrassa contains ill/portalll proximate and mineral compounds IIial may be linked 10 its
beneficial effects on diet alld heallh II would be worthwhile embarking 0 11 Jurther scielltific
experimenlalion and investigation Ollihis wlillable IIl11ritional plam and to proll/ole its largeĀ·
scale lIfilizalion so Ihal il call be used as a good SOurce of carbohydrates, minerals andfibres.
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Keywords
Aloe percrassa. Anlioxidam, Allti-nlltrienl and Toxicity