Pattern and outcome of Acute Kidney Injury in Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital
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Date
2019-08
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major health problem, causing morbidity in 13 million people annually,
among which, 85% occur in developing countries. It is therefore one of important issue in Africa where
there is resource limitation at large, and appreciation of its pattern can help understand it’s causes,
complications and outcome better which are determinants for its early prevention and management.
Objective
To evaluate Patterns and outcome of AKI patients who are admitted in Tikur Anbessa specialized
hospital(TASH)Adult Emergency Unit, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Methodology
Prospective Crossectional study was done from August 1, 2018 to May 1, 2019.:The research was done at
TASH adult ED. SPSS software version 25 was used for analysis. The area selected for this research was
TASH adult emergency unit, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia where the sample was collected from the patients
who fulfill the inclusion criteria. SPSS software was used for analysis. Binary logistic regression was
done for identification of mortality predictors. Patients’ laboratory results on admission and discharge
were compared by paired samples T-test. Survival time was estimated by Kapan- Meier and log rank test
with a 95% CI. A P-value of <0.05 was considered to denote statistical significance.
Result
A total of 144 cases of AKI were included in the study. The mean age of presentation at a younger age of
46.16 ± 16.6. The most common causes of AKI were Sepsis (43.2%), volume depletion (25%), cardio
renal syndrome-1(16%) and obstructive uropathy (16%). Uremic encephalopathy, sepsis and
hyperkalemia were factors that were identified as mortality predictors in overall AKI patients. AKI
patients with sepsis were found to have lower hospital survival than those without sepsis. From the
laboratory findings, there was significant difference between creatinine values on admission and
discharge.
Conclusion
As sepsis was the dominant cause of AKI as well as mortality predictor and cause of lower hospital
survival, early initiation of antibiotics in the Emergency unit would be beneficial in order to improve the
in hospital outcome of patients with AKI.
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Keywords
Acute kidney injury