The Magnitude and Associated Factor of Oxygen Desaturation during Rapid Sequence Induction and Intubation at Public hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: cross-sectional study 2020/2021.
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Date
2021-07
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Introduction: Rapid sequence Induction and Intubation is a basic airway management technique for patients who have risks for pulmonary aspiration. This technique was designed to minimize the unprotected airway time and reduce the risk of aspiration during that short period. Patients classified to be desaturated when the oxygen saturation level was less than 90%
During Anesthesia the patient became unconscious and loses the ability to keep the airway it is important to monitor the patients’ oxygen saturation level with pulse oximetry.
Objective: To determine the Magnitude and Associated Factor of Oxygen Desaturation during Rapid Sequence Induction and Intubation in the public hospital, Addis Ababa Ethiopia.
Method: cross-sectional study design was conducted at four Addis Ababa referral Hospitals and selected by using the lottery method. Data were collected from January 30 to April 30, 2021, using a pretested questioner. The sample size was calculated and convenience sampling techniques were applied for 336 patients included in the study, the data were entered and
analyzed by SPSS version 24 software performing descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions.
Result: The Magnitude of Oxygen Desaturation during RSII was found in 56 patients 16.7 %. The minimum and maximum Oxygen desaturation periods were 10 and 120 seconds respectively. Patients who have documented respiratory disease have 4.45 times [AOR=4.459; 95% CI: (1.467-13.549)], patients not preoxygenated, 15.25 times [AOR= 15.253; 95% CI: (1.760-132.185)], those preoxygenated <3 minutes have 15.2 times [AOR =15.299; 95% CI: (2.770-84.499)] and those who have difficult intubation have 17.7 times [AOR=17.778; 95% CI: (8.971-35.229)] a high risk of developing Oxygen Desaturation.
Conclusion and recommendation; The Magnitude of Oxygen Desaturation during Rapid
Sequence Induction is relatively low. Patients who have documented respiratory disease, those are not preoxygenation, preoxygenation time <3 minutes and difficult intubation are associated with oxygen desaturation during RSII, so preoperative optimization of patients
who have respiratory disease, preparation needs before RSII based on Checklist, and adequate preoxygenation of patients for 3 to 5 minutes is important.
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Keywords
Induction , Intubation,Oxygen Desaturation