Assessment of magnitude, clinical presentation and outcome of pediatrics burninjury at Addis Ababa burn, emergency and trauma hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Date
2020-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Pediatrics burn injury continues to be a major public health concern globally.
Majority of cases has occurred in low resource countries. Due to children’s higher susceptibility
risk, burn is more prevalent among this age group and is commonly associated with a higher
morbidity and mortality rate.
Objective: This study aims to assess the magnitude, clinical presentation and outcomes of pediatrics
burn at AaBET hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Method: Institutional based retrospective cross sectional study design was conducted in AaBET
hospital from July 2016-January 2020. Convenience sampling was used to review two hundred and
seventy one medical records of pediatric burn victims by using a checklist. The collected data was
entered into EPI info version 3.1 and was exported to SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics and
logistic regression was done for data analysis.
Result: A total of 256 patients were participated in this study with a response rate of 94.5%. Male
patients accounted 130 (50.8%). The most common cause of burn are scald, flame, electric burn
accounting 130 (50.8%) ,104 (40.6%) 12 (4.7%) respectively. Second degree burns were the
commonest presentation 214 (83.6%) and 8.2% of the patients had co-morbidities; 93.8% of the
incidents occurred in private residencies. only 2.3% of the victims had received pre hospital
treatment. Total Body Surface Area burned ranged from 1% to 92% with a median TBSA of 14.
Intentional burn accounted 1.2%. Length of hospital stay ranged from (1-164) days with a mean of
24.73 days. One quarter, 64(25%) of patients had developed hospital acquired infection. Eight
patients were (3.1%) died. Presence of burn associated injuries [p= 0.006 AOR=0.012(0.001,
0.277)] showed significant association with the outcome death.
Conclusion and recommendation: Scald burn and flame burn are the common causes of burn
injury, Majority of the incidents took in indoor settings and most of them had not received pre
hospital care. Burn patients with associated injuries need more attention as they are more likely to
die. For all governmental and non-governmental bodies, it is highly recommended to give priority
on preventive measures and improve pre-hospital care service.
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Keywords
Burn, Pediatrics, Magnitude, Outcome