Magnitude and factors associated with depression and anxiety among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.
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Date
2021-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Covid-19 was identified as the cause of a cluster of pneumonia cases in
Wuhan, a city in the Hubei Province of China. It affected 178,021,491 of individuals and
killed 3,853,190 of peoples globally since 17/06/2021. It has the seeds of a major mental
health crisis beyond the physical effect. The mental health and wellbeing of whole societies
and infected individuals have been severely impacted by this crisis and are a priority to be
addressed urgently.
Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the magnitude and factors associated with
depression and anxiety among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia, 2020.
Methods and materials: A cross sectional descriptive study focussed on measuring
depression and anxiety using self -report scales PHQ-9 for depression and GAD-7 for
assessing anxiety among COVID-19 patients was conducted. The data has been cleaned
using Epi Data version 4.6.6 and analysed using SPSS version 25 software. Descriptive
statistics done to identify summary values of the variables. Associations between variable
was estimated by computing odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs)
using regression analysis. The statistical significance has been checked using p value <0. 05.
The result is presented by tables.
Result: Among 114 patients participated in this study, male patients accounted 60(52.6%)
and 54(47.4%) are females, the mean age of the patients were 45.81±15.26 ranged from 16 to
85 years. Depression was diagnosed in 30 (26.3%) of patients: 27(24%) had moderate
depression and 3(2.6%) had severe depression. (See table 4) Fourteen (12.3%) of patients
were diagnosed as having anxiety: among them 12(11%) had moderate anxiety and 2(1. 8%)
had severe anxiety. Patients with an educational level of college or university (p=0.008,
AOR=6.786, CI=1.642-28.054) and patients with heart disease (p=0.049, AOR=9.582,
CI=1.009-91.020) was associated with presence of depression.
Conclusion:
This study looks into the burdens of anxiety and depression symptoms among covid -19
patients and the result found to be high. Patients with high educational level and patients with
heart disease were likely to develop depression.
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Keywords
COVID-19, Anxiety, Depression,