Risk Factors for Multi Drug-resistant Tuberculosis among Newly Diagnosed MDR-TB Patients of all Africa Leprosy, Tuberculosis and Rehabilitation Training Center (ALERT) Hospitals, Addis Ababa ,Ethiopia, 2020:A Facility based Case Control Study.
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Date
2021-04
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is an emerging challenge for TB
control programs globally. Ethiopia is among the 30 High TB, HIV and MDR-TB Burden
Countries in the world. Development of drug resistance is hugely man-made problems
resulting inadequate treatment due to suboptimal adherence, and continued transmission of
resistant strains in the community. Updated knowledge of the associated factors of MDR-TB
is so substantial to allocate resources, and to address prevention and control measures.
Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify associated factors of multi-drug-resistant
tuberculosis in among newly diagnosed patients and treated at ALERT Hospitals Addis
Ababa, Ethiopia, between August 1 2020 and September 30 2020.
Method: A health facility based case-control study was conducted to assess socio
demographic, behavioral and clinical risk factors using a structured questionnaire and clinical
record reviewing. Analysis were performed using SPPS software and to identify association
between dependent and explanatory variables logistic regression analysis were performed and
statistically significant associations were described using odds ratio at 95%CI and P- value of
< 0.05.
Result: A total of 120 respondents’ (40 newly diagnosed MDR-TB cases and 80 drug
susceptible pulmonary TB patients, control) were enrolled in this study. Number of rooms per
household (AOR=3.61, 95% CI=1.2-10.6), history of previous treatment (AOR=12.77, 95%
CI=4.2-38.6) and TB contact history (any type of TB) (AOR=7.62, 95% CI=2.3-25.4) was
significantly associated with MDR TB infection.
Conclusion: This study revealed that having history of previous anti-TB treatment exposure,
living in only one room house hold and having previous TB contact history were identified to
be the determinants of MDR-TB infection.
In light of these findings, the strategies in controlling MDR-TB should come up with
emphasize on peoples or patients having history of previous TB treatment, TB contact history
and those living in houses with only one room (crowded places). Moreover, Implementation
of adequate TB infection control practices at health facilities is importance.
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Keywords
Tuberculosis