Prevalence of Cerebral Palsy, its Associated Factors and MRI PathoAnatomic Findings among Patients Attending Paediatrics Neurology Clinic in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2021-08
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Cerebral Palsy (CP) describes disorder of movement and posture that appears
during infancy/early childhood causing activity limitations that are attributed to nonprogressive
disturbances
that
occurred
in
the
developing
foetal
or
infant
brain.
Any
progressive
CNS
injury
occurring during the first 2(some say 5) years of life is considered to be CP. CP
may be caused by prenatal, perinatal and postnatal factors.
Objective: The Aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of cerebral palsy, determine its
associated factors and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Patho-anatomy among patients
attending paediatric neurology clinic of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH), Addis
Ababa, Ethiopia.
Method: Hospital based retrospective cross sectional study was conducted in Tikur Anbessa
Specialized Hospital with randomly selected sample of 422 patients attending to paediatric
neurology clinic from September 2017-Septmeber 2020. Data was collected using checklist by
using Kobo Collect version 1.27.3 and was exported to SPSS windows version 25 for analysis.
Bivariable and Multi variable binary logistic regression analysis were also carried out to
determine the effect of explanatory variables. Level of significance of 5%, and adjusted odds
ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used.
Result: A total of 402 patients were used. The prevalence of CP was found to be 35.8% among
patients who visited the paediatric neurology outpatient clinic. Twelve variables were
associated in Bi-variable analysis, of which five variables, that is; sex, preterm delivery, home
delivery Null parity and birth asphyxia were significantly associated with AOR 95% CI. (Sex:
1.89[1.11-3.25], preterm: 7.04[1.55-31.82], home delivery: 7.74[1.66-35.95], null parity:
1.7[1-2.9], asphyxia: 4.47[1.76-11.29] respectively). Among the CP cases spastic CP
accounted for 88.9% and 62.5% were quadriplegic.58% of CP the patients were reported to
have predominant white matter injury.
Conclusion and recommendation: The prevalence of CP in the present study is lower
compared to that reported by other African researches. The most significant risk factors for
developing CP were perinatal factors such as asphyxia, home delivery and preterm delivery.
Among the clinical types spastic quadriplegic type is the commonest and most of the patients
are at level 5of Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Predominant White
Matter Injury was found to be one of the commonest MRI finding.
Most of the factors associated are preventable perinatal problems which can be reduced by
decreasing complications during birth, better health care during pregnancy, delivery and
postnatal period.
Description
Keywords
Cerebral palsy, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, prevalence, Ethiopia