Strategies for Managing and Mitigating Flood Challenges Towards Sustainable Urban Planning: Case of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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2024-05-01

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Addis Ababa University

Abstract

Urban flooding poses significant challenges to cities worldwide, and Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia, is no exception. As urbanization accelerates and climate change impacts become more pronounced, understanding and effectively managing flood risk in Addis Ababa are imperative for ensuring the city's resilience and sustainable development. This study aims to develop a comprehensive framework for urban flood risk management in Addis Ababa, integrating urban planning, environmental sustainability, and disaster risk reduction strategies. Primary data collection involved key informant interviews (KII), focus group discussions, and field observations, supplemented by secondary data obtained from online sources and relevant organizations. The collected data were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative data from KII and focus group discussions were thematically analyzed to identify key factors influencing flood risk and the effectiveness of existing institutional frameworks and policies. Additionally, quantitative data were presented and interpreted using tables, graphs, and charts to visualize trends and patterns in flood vulnerability, institutional strengths and weaknesses, and policy effectiveness. Findings reveal that Addis Ababa's institutional frameworks for flood mitigation and disaster risk reduction are governed by entities such as the Addis Ababa City Disaster Risk Management Commission (AACDRMC), the City Master Plan, the Environmental Protection Authority (AAEPA), the City Roads Authority (AACRA), and the Water and Sewerage Authority (AAWSA). Existing policies encompass flood risk management, urban development, building codes, environmental protection, disaster preparedness, and land use regulations. Advantages of Addis Ababa's current institutional structures and policies include collaboration and coordination, a robust regulatory framework, environmental protection measures, and capacity building. However, weaknesses persist, including inadequate infrastructure, limited public engagement and awareness, inconsistent enforcement of regulations, and insufficient financial resources. Based on these findings, key recommendations include the implementation of integrated flood planning and infrastructure, the development of climate-resilient infrastructure, community engagement and awareness initiatives, and strengthened regulatory enforcement mechanisms. Key words: Urban flooding, Environmental sustainability, Public engagement, Resilience x

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