Assessment of Lipid Profiles and Associated Factors among Patients with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Date
2025
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease are the most common neurodegenerative diseases with major public health impact. These neurodegenerative diseases have been associated with dysregulation of lipid metabolism. However, the monitoring of lipid profiles for those patients was not common in the study area due to the paucity of published evidence about their lipid profiles.
Objective: To assess lipid profiles and associated factors among patients with Parkinson’s and Alzheimer's diseases at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Method: A hospital-based, prospective, cross-sectional study was undertaken starting in March to June, 2024, among 172 conveniently selected study participants, which included 50 Parkinson's disease patients, 61 Alzheimer’s disease patients, and 61 apparently healthy individuals. Pretested structured questionnaires were used to collect sociodemographic data and other information about the diseases. A blood sample was obtained and analyzed for lipid profiles using the Cobas c 311 automated analyzer, following the acquisition of ethical consent. Data entry and analysis were conducted by SPSS Version 27. A student independent t-test, Pearson correlation, and multivariate regression were applied to check the association and correlation among different parameters. A P value of less than 0.05 was deemed to indicate statistical significance.
Result: The mean levels of LDL (mg/dl), TG (mg/dl), and TC (mg/dl) of the Parkinson's disease patients were significantly lower (76.7 ± 21.77, 115.02 ± 24.84, and 152.2 ± 30.44) compared with controls (85.2± 12.59, 124.12 ± 16.01, and 165.36 ± 29.33) at P < 0.05, respectively. On the other hand, Alzheimer's disease patients showed significantly higher levels of LDL (mg/dl) and lower HDL (mg/dl) (106.76 ± 26.55 and 37.64 ± 7.45) compared to the controls (85.2 ± 12.59 and 41.84 ± 5.83) at P < 0.05, respectively. In Parkinson's disease patients, lipid profile levels were significantly associated with the duration of the disease, age, and underweight status (P < 0.05). For those with Alzheimer's disease, significant associations with lipid profile levels were identified, including disease duration, age, physical exercise, smoking habits, and the frequency of high-fat food consumption (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: According to the result, the disturbance of lipid profiles in patients with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases were observed. And this has been found to be associated with factors such as the duration of the disease, age of the patient, physical exercise, smoking habits, and poor compliance to diet.
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Keywords
Lipid profile, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease.