Prevalence of Common Mental Disorders and Factor Affecting among Patients of Health Facilities in Bishoftu, Ethiopia.
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Date
2025-06
Authors
Yifter,Nega
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Publisher
Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Common mental disorders are disorders like depression, anxiety and somatic manifestations in addition to non-psychotic symptoms like fatigue, memory problem a major public health concern in low and middle income countries, including Ethiopia. However, limited evidence exists on their prevalence and associated factors among general outpatient patients in local health facilities.
Objective: To assess the prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors among patients attending public health facilities in Bishoftu, Ethiopia.
Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was carried out between June 1 and July 24, 2024, in one general hospital and seven health centers located in Bishoftu.. A total of 560 patients aged >15 years excluding those with known psychiatric illness were selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected through a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire, including the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) to screen for CMDs. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with CMDs, with statistical significance set at p<0.05.
Results: The prevalence of common mental disorders among the study participants was 40.4%, which is higher than some national and regional estimates. Statistically significant associated factors included monthly income ≤1000 ETB (AOR=2.645, 95% CI: 1.032–3.779), diabetes (AOR=3.219, 95% CI: 1.595–8.029), hypertension (AOR=3.219, 95% CI: 1.595–8.029), cardiac illness (AOR=2.524, 95% CI: 1.163–5.477), moderate social support (AOR=3.415, 95% CI: 1.792–6.507), and poor social support (AOR=21.980, 95% CI: 11.590–41.685).
Conclusion: This study found a high burden of common mental disorders in Bishoftu, exceeding regional and national averages. Chronic medical conditions, low income, and inadequate social support networks were strong predictors of CMDs. The findings underscore the need for integrating mental health services into primary care and tailoring interventions to local contexts.
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Keywords
Common mental disorders, SRQ-20