Bacterial Uropathogens and their Drug Resistance Pattern in Diabetic Patients Attending Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2015-07
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections encountered
and treated worldwide. UTI has been reported to be around four times higher in diabetics compared to
non-diabetic patients. Since diabetic patients are at a high risk of development of UTIs, it is
recommended that special attention is paid to them, especially for the management of bacterial
UTIs.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of significant bacteriuria and
assess drug susceptibility pattern of the bacterial isolates in diabetic patients.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical
College from April to July 2015. . In this study, 246 patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus
were recruited consecutively. A standard questionnaire was used to collect information regarding
the socio-demographic status and clinical history of the study participants. Mid-stream urine was
used for chemical analysis, microscopy and microbiological isolation and identification of
bacteria. Standardized disc diffusion method was used for the determination of antibiotic
sensitivity testing. Data were entered into and analyzed by SPSS version 20.
Results: Among the 246 study participants, 150 (60%) of them were females and 96 (40%) were
males. The mean age of the study population was 51.5 years. Pyuria was detected in 27 (11%) of
the urine specimens examined microscopically. Of the 246 urine specimens cultured on CLED
and blood agar plate, 17(6.9%) of them showed significant bacteriuria. Among the 17 bacterial
isolates, E. coli was the most frequently isolated one, accounting 10 (53%), followed by
Klebsiella species 4 (21%). All the isolates showed 100% sensitivity to nitrofurantoin, except
Proteus species, which exhibited resistance to the antibiotic. The multidrug resistant rate of the
isolates in our study was 31.6%
Conclusion and Recommendation: The overall prevalence of significant bacteriuria in our
study was 6.9%. Even though Proteus species showed resistance to nitrofurantoin, all the
remaining isolates were 100% sensitive to the antimicrobial. Use of antibiotics for treating UTI
in DM patients should be supported with periodic culture and drug susceptibility test studies in a
given geographical location.
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Keywords
Bacterial Uropathogens, Diabetic’s Patients