Experiences and Challenges of Young Ethiopian Female Domestic Workers in the Middle East; the Case of Migrant Returnees in Mekaneselam Town, South Wollo, Amhara Region
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Date
2020-08
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
The problem of human migration is a world phenomenon that touches on a variety of economic, political, social and cultural aspects, influencing peoples in the current world. More than ever before, migration touches all countries and peoples in the time of increasing globalization. Nonetheless, little has been known regarding to the experiences and challenges of young Ethiopian female domestic workers in the Middle East, therefore, the main objective of this study is investigating the experiences and challenges of young Ethiopian female domestic workers in the Middle East, the case of migrant returnees in Mekaneselam town. Qualitative research approach was used so as to collect and analyze the data that obtained from in-depth interview, key informant interview and focus group discussions informants. To achieve the overall objective of the study, the researcher employed snowball sampling technique for in-depth and FGDs informants and purposive sampling techniques for key informant participants. This research also employee retrospective study designs to look the challenges and experiences of migrants from pre to return migration.
The findings of this study showed that poverty and unemployment, conflict and violence, network of return migrants and hopelessness as the major motivating factors of young Ethiopian females to migrate to the Middle East. And also sexual abuse, religious abuse, psychological abuse, cheating, payment inequality, physical abuse, inadequate job options and cultural challenges were the major challenges of female migrants in the destination. Consequently, financial problem, Abuse at the time of journey, tiredness and sickness were the major challenges of migrants before and during migration. Separation of their marital partner and problem of rehabilitation were the other challenge of migrants after they return to their country. This study showed that families, government, religious institutions and non-governmental organizations did not adequately prepare to rehabilitate migrant returnees. As the study indicated false expectation of entry to marriage, deportation and family issues were the major causes for migrant‟s return.
In general, this study concluded, religious disparity, gender, racial and ethnic differences as the major sources of young females burden in the Middle East. Moreover, this study recommended that the concerned bodies like religious institutions, political institutions, charity organizations and others should work cooperatively, in addition, the government should proposed specific policy to make accountable both legal and illegal brokers, since they are the major causes of young females suffering. Finally, this study suggested that the broadcast Medias should invest a lot towards the challenges of domestic migrants so as to maximize the awareness of communities towards the plights of young female migrant domestic workers pre to return migration.
Keywords, Challenges, Documented Migrants, Domestic Work, Domestic Workers, Experiences, Middle East, Migrants, Undocumented Migrants, young females
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Keywords
Challenges, Documented Migrants, Domestic Work, Domestic Workers, Experiences, Middle East, Migrants, Undocumented Migrants, young females