Assessment of Prevalence and Associated Factors of Precancerous Cervical Lesion at Addis Ababa Public Hospitals, Ethiopia, 2019
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Date
2019-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is pathological disease arising from the cervix, in which the cells of the cervix become abnormal and start to grow uncontrollably, forming tumor which typically no symptoms are seen early but later on become symptomatic. The problem is top prevalent and fatal in Africa especially in east Africa including Ethiopia.
Objective: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of precancerous lesion of cervix among women who screened in governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa.
Methodology: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted in five government hospitals of Addis Ababa. Two hundred thirty four participants were selected by systematic sampling technique. Data was collected by interview using a structured questionnaire. The data collected was entered to Epi data version 4.4.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 24. The association of the variable was done by using binary and multiple logistic regressions and 95% confidence interval was computed to determine the level of significance.
Results: The prevalence of cervical precancerous lesion was 33(14.1%). The risk of being positive for visual inspection of acetic acid result varies among age at first sexual intercourse practice such that, those who start sex before their 15 years old have 2.4 ( CI 1.189-5.025) times more likely at risk. Women who had history of sexual transmitted disease are more likely at risk of having cervical precancerous lesion by 10(2.977-33.425) times than who didn’t have history of sexual transmitted disease. Women who were positive in their HIV status have AOR 8.160(2.075-32.093) times more and women with above one life time sexual partners are more risk by 4.2 (CI1.301-13.363) times for cervical precancerous lesion than those who have one life time sexual partner.
Conclusion recommendation: From the 234 participants the 33(14.1%) were positive for VIA screening. The risk factors that became significant with precancerous cervical lesion are having multiple sexual partners, being HIV positive, exposure of sexual transmitted disease, having husband with history of sexual transmitted disease, early age at initiation of sexual intercourse, and being HIV positive. So to reduce the risk measures have to be taken by stake holders and responsible bodies of the city in awareness creation as bad sexual behaviors are the major risk factors for cervical cancer.
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Precancerous cervical lesion; risk factors; VIA; Addis Ababa