Pattern and Clinical Profile of Thyroid Disorders among Patients Attending Endocrine Clinic of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital
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Date
2020-12
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Introduction
Thyroid diseases are common endocrine disorders with a number of potentially serious
complications. There are inadequate recent studies addressing the clinical picture of thyroid
diseases in Ethiopia.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to assess the pattern and clinical presentations thyroid disorders.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted on successive thyroid disease patients visiting
Endocrinology Referral Clinic of TASH from Feb 2020 to June 2020 were included in this
study. A retrospective medical chart review was carried out. Certain socio-demographic
parameters and clinical characteristics of patients were assessed. Descriptive analysis was used
for statistical analysis. The data was processed, summarized and presented in the form of
narratives & tables.
Results
A total of 271 patients, 86.3% female and 13.7% male, with an age range of 14 to 81 years
were included. And 60.5% of the patients were 40 to 81 years. Among all, 56.8% had overt
hyperthyroidism and 39.5% had hypothyroidism while subclinical hypothyroidism and
subclinical hyperthyroidism were documented in 2.6% & 1.1% of the patients. TMNG was
responsible for 55.8% of hyperthyroidism cases as primary hypothyroidism accounted for
53.3% of the hypothyroidism cases. Palpitation (54.7%), goitre (26.4%), heat intolerance
(25.9%) & hyperhidrosis (10.7%) were the commonest presentations of thyrotoxicosis,
whereas hypothyroidism patients presented mostly with fatigue (49.1%), menstrual disturbance
(25%), cold intolerance (20.5%) & weight gain (14.3%).
Conclusion
Thyroid diseases were more common in females and more prevalent in old age. More than half
of the thyroid disorders were caused by TMNG and primary hypothyroidism. The most
common presenting feature of thyrotoxicosis was palpitation, and of hypothyroidism, fatigue.
Therefore, it is better to reinforce multidisciplinary approach, and introduce radioactive iodine
uptake study and radioactive iodine therapy.
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Keywords
Thyroid Disorders,Endocrine Clinic