Assessment of Platelet Increment and Refractoriness to Platelet Transfusion in Pediatric Cancer Patients, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia : A Prospective Cross-sectional Study
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Date
2021-11
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Platelet transfusion is an essential supportive component of the
treatment of oncology patients with survival benefit. Platelet transfusion refractoriness
is an important challenge in pediatric cancer patients who require repeated
transfusions.
Objectives To assess platelet increment and refractoriness after platelet transfusion in
pediatric cancer patients, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Methods: In this study, 113 eligible patients were included and data was collected by
oriented nurses and physicians using structured questionnaire. Data completeness
assessment and coding was done and it was processed and analyzed by SPSS version
25 using frequency tables, Chi Square and Regression analysis tools.
Result: In this study, 113 pediatric cancer patients were included. Most of the
patients are in the age group of 5-10 years (46.9%) followed by under 5 years (43.4%).
The majority are male sex accounting for 57.5 %. There is a significant association
between platelet increment after transfusion with the type of cancer(p=0.001) and
being on chemotherapy (p 0.018) on Chi square analysis. Regression analysis revealed
negative correlation between age of patient and platelet increment(p=0.14). There is
also significant association between splenomegaly and previous platelet transfusion
with platelet increment (p=0.003 for both). The incidence of platelet transfusion
refractoriness is 12.5%.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, increment of platelet in pediatric
cancer patients in TASH is affected by age of patient, Type of cancer, Splenomegaly,
Previous platelet transfusion history and Chemotherapy. Platelet transfusion
refractoriness is seen in 12.5% of the patients.
Recommendation
We recommend a larger-scale study with better organized methodology to be
conducted to draw more representative results.
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Keywords
Cancer Patients,Platelet transfusion