Bacterial profile and Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of the Isolates from Operating Room Environments in Government Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2015-06
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background : Contamination of the operating theatre is a major cause of nosocomial infection.
Bacterial pathogens isolated from hospital environments are also known to develop resistance to
multiple antimicrobial agents.
Objective: To assess the sanitation practices of Health Care Workers (HCWs) as well as
bacterial profile
and the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the isolates in operating room
environments of government hospitals in Addis Ababa.
Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was
conducted from August to November
2014 in Government Hospitals in Addis Ababa. The total of 346 specimens of surfaces swabs
and air samples were collected using sterile cotton tipped swabs moistened with normal saline
and open plate technique. The study was also supplemented by observation and information
gathered from HCWs. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 16 and the results were explained by
using percentage, tables and different figures.
Result: Of the 346 samples, 47.4% (n=164)were positive for bacterial growth, 23.8%
(n=39) by open plate and 76.2% (n=125) by swabbing method, respectively. A total of 221
bacterial pathogens were recovered from all samples processed in this study. Coagulase negative
Staphylococcus, 160(72.4%) were the predominant bacterial isolates followed by S. aureus
33(15%). Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial pathogens showed overall sensitivity of
88.7% to ciprofloxacin and most of them had overall resistance of 42.5% to tetracycline and
33.5% to chloramphenicol. A total of 89 healthcare workers were interviewed. Majority of them
58(65.2%) had training on hand hygiene practice. Sixty four percent 57(64.0%) of the
respondents routinely used an alcohol-based hand rub for hand hygiene, 59(66.3%) had ever
wore at least five types of personal protective equipment (PPE) always while providing care.
Conclusion and Recommendation: In general, we found coagulase-negative staphylococci to
be the major species contaminating the air and other surfaces in the operating rooms. This may
be due to Staphylococci are usually human in origin and point to the restriction of traffic in
operating rooms. Microbiological surveillance of operating theaters can play an important role in
reducing bacterial contamination consequently preoperative infectious episodes can be reduced
considerably.
Description
Keywords
Bacterial profile, Antibiotic Sensitivity