Causes and Consequences of Cross Border Illegal Migration to the Middle East Case of Wogide Woreda South Wollo Zone of Amhara Regional State of Ethiopia
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Date
2024-08-01
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Illegal migration is a pressing global issue, particularly affecting developing countries in Africa. Many
migrants leave their countries for various economic and non-economic reasons. Ethiopia, as one such
developing nation, is significantly impacted by human migration. This study aimed to examine the causes
and consequences of illegal migration in Wogide Wereda, South Wollo Zone, and Amhara Regional State,
Ethiopia. To achieve this objective, a questionnaire survey was conducted with 179 household
respondents from three kebeles in the woreda, providing quantitative data. The study employed a cross
sectional research design, supplemented by key informant interviews and focus group discussions to
gather qualitative data.The study found that the primary driver of illegal migration in the area is
economic, particularly the search for employment and the desire to improve living conditions. Migrants
faced severe challenges during their cross-border journeys, including exploitation, rape, hunger, and
theft of their earnings. Despite these negative consequences, some positive outcomes were noted, such as
access to remittances, education, acquired skills, and improved living standards.Given that the negative
consequences of illegal migration outweigh the benefits, the government should focus on facilitating safer
migration practices. Regular and ongoing awareness campaigns should be conducted by the human
resource management office, vital registration office, and woreda communication affairs to highlight the
dangers of illegal migration. Additionally, the enterprise office should create job opportunities for
returnees and potential migrants through revolving funds. The Wogide Wereda police office should also
strengthen its control over illegal agents and brokers involved in migration.
Keywords: illegal migration, migration route, broker, destination country, causes, consequences,
wogide worda
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Keywords
illegal migration, migration route, broker, destination country, causes, consequences, wogide worda