Seroprevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Infection and its Risk Factors Among Adult Patients With Dyspepsia in Hawassa Teaching and Referral Hospital, South Ethiopia

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Date

2011-06

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Addis Ababa university

Abstract

Background: Helicobacter pylori is a curved gram-negative bacteria which causes gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. It is also an important risk factor for the development of gastric cancer and mucosal associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Many studies revealed that the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection varies with geographical region, socio demographic characteristics and environmental conditions of the studied population. In addition, it is more frequent in dyspeptic patients than normal individuals and dyspeptic symptoms accounts 10% of hospital admission in Ethiopia. Objective: The main objective was to determine the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and its risk factors in adult patients with dyspepsia. Methods: A case control study was conducted between December 2010 and February 2011 on a total of 106 patients at Hawassa Teaching and Referral Hospital, South Ethiopia. The presence of antibody against Helicobacter pylori was determined serologically and a face to face interview was taken to assess the contributing factors for the infection. Ethical clearance and informed consents were obtained before data collection. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratio (crude and adjusted with 95% confidence interval) of positive responses to the different risk factors. Comparison between groups was compared with Chi-square and a P-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Of the total 106 participants, 54 (51%) were male and 52(49%) female with mean age 32 years, range 18-75 years. Of these the seropositivity for Helicobacter pylori infection was found in 37(70%) of 53 dyspeptic patients (95% CI, 55.7% - 81.7%) and 29(54%) of 53 non dyspeptic participants (95% CI, 40.4% - 68.4%) p >0.05). The seroprevalence in participants that have family size > 5 was 71.4 %( 45/63) and 48.8 %( 21/43) for family size < 5 (AOR=2.6 (3.97- 7.127) p<0.05). Conclusion: There was a considerable increase of Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence in dyspeptic patients than the non dyspeptics i.e. 70% versus 54%. Among all variables, over crowding was positively associated Helicobacter pylori infection.

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Keywords

H. pylori;Seroprevalence;Dyspepsia;Risk factors

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