Determinants of Family Planning Non-Use and Unmet Need in Urban Ethiopia
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Date
1995-06
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Addis Ababa Univerisity
Abstract
This study focuses on the socio-economic and demographic determinants of contraceptive
non-use in urban Ethiopia using data collected in the 1990 National Family and Fertility
Survey conducted by the Central Statistical Authority (CSA). The survey collected
information from a total of 2,844 urban resident women of reproductive age.
Both bi-variate and multi-variate statistical techniques were usedfor data analysis using
socio-economic and demographic background variables. The relative imponance of the
explanatory background variables was examined by using the logistic regression modeL
Unmet need and contraceptive non-use are treated as dichotomous dependant variables
in the model.
The res lilts of [he Qllal.'"sis sholl' [hw Ol'er 93 percent (~r [h ese WOlllell kilO,,' w ieas[ one
lIIe[hod of fa lllily planning, bll[ only 27.3 percent had el 'er used a lIIe1hod. Among [he
reasons for [il I' non -lise }iii' jillll i Ir plllnn i ng. sl<le elfe. !S (/ I:<i/ill(/ Iis[ic a [Ii lillies W" II rds
falllily planning pia.'" dOll/inalll role. L'I/Ine[ lIeed F,r jillnif.'" planning swod w 35.5
percelll 0/ which 11.5 percel/l ""(IS jilr spacing pll rposes ,,.hile :'4 peTcen[ was fo r
lill/iting Ihe nllm ber of births. The £owl demand for fa ll/ il.'" planning in urban Ethiopia
in 1990 was 59.7 pereel1l of which only 40 pereel1l " 'as s(l[isjied.
VII
The nwnher of sltlTil'ing children ond ideal jUlI/ii' sl:e ure jound ((J he the II/ ost
important determinants oj ul/met need j or jamilv planning in urhan Ethiopia. Unmet
need for family planning was strongly related with the number of surviving children,
while its relationship with place of childhood residence. religion, employment status and
contraceptive knowledge was not statistically significant. Nevertheless. it indicates that
the relatively less educated. and those with rural origin are the needy ones for family
planning services.
The study concludes by suggesting that making concerted effort to moti~ people
through effective family planning information, education and communica/icn, making
family planning services accessible. affortklble and safe and integrating family planning
services with other development activities will increase the level of contraceptive
prevalence rate. It jurther suggests the need for a more detailed research,
anthropological in natu re. in order {() understand the S()cio -culturai determinants of
ItllInef need and co ntraceptive lIOn-use ill urban Ethiopia.
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Keywords
Family Planning