Analysis of Drought with Respect to Water Resources Availability and Water Quality: The case of Nyangatom Woreda, Southern Ethiopia
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Date
2020-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Drought expressed in terms of failure and shortage of rainfall is the major hazard that affects the
livelihood of the Nyangatom people. The objective of this study was exploring the occurrence of
droughts and their impacts on water resources availability and Water Quality at Nyangatom
Woreda. Based on the result of the SPEI-3 month values was used represented in ( Annex4),there
are a severe drought on the study area from June 1999 and November, December 2010 this
implies that the soil moisture, SPEI-6 month values SPEI value may also begin to be associated
with anomalous stream flow and reservoir conditions deficit occurred from March 1997 ,SPEI12 to 24 month value , month duration were recorded in grid cells in one periods, namely in the
years 1999-2003 this implies that the deficit surface water and ground water. In addition to
result of the study indicated in SPEI –index, the SPEI value is less than or equal to −1 observed
that the occurrence of months in which drought was detected in all severity classes within the
range 72-81 and corresponds to about 19-21% of the entire time under analysis and also SPEI
time series -1, 3,6,12 and 24 calculation, drought severity, duration and intensity were analysis
obtained maximum duration of grid point, SPEI-24 has shown in (Figure .8) ranges between 3-7
years in category short until long duration ,the highest severity recorded at the meteorological
grid point occurred SPEI result at 1999-2003 which a peak of drought with index value range -
1.38 up to -6.20 (extremely dry) and Highest intensity that occurred in grid cell -1.09 in 2009 to
2012 the highest intensity for SPEI-24 was recorded in meteorology station. SPEI –index,
statistically analysis used Non-parametric methods have been developed to detect trends in
hydro meteorological time series. In the SPEI-3 monthly series, a drying trend occurred only in
March statically significant and SPEI-6 and SPEI-24 monthly series, a drying trend occurred
four month in February, March, April and June and the result is statistically significant in the
representation .Therefore, the result of February up to June often drought occurrence in this
month represented and time series representing longer time scales a decreasing trend. Based on
this the researcher tried to recommend that carrying out capacity building training to the
woreda water experts is essential to ensure the appropriate implementation of water
management and biodiversity, the woreda administration should create awareness to the people
to reduce or stop vegetation clearance using fire that affect the biodiversity of the area
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Keywords
Drought, water Resource availability, water quality, Nyangatom Woreda,