Prevalence of Depression and Associated Factors among Patients Taking AntiRetroviral Drugs in Adama Hospital Medical College, Oromia, Ethiopia.
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Date
2021-12
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Depression is the most common preventable mental illness among people living with
human immunoivirus (PLHA) with the rates of two to four times higher than those found in general
populations. Nowadays depression is estimated to affect 350 million people in the world. This study
aims to assess the magnitude and predictors of depression among PLHA in eastern part of Oromia
regional state, Ethiopia.
Objective: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression among PLHA taking
Antiretroviral drug at Adama Hospital Medical College.
Methods: We employed an institutional based cross-sectional study from April 01 to September 30,
2021 in Adama Hospital Medical College, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. A total of 420 PLHA aged
18 years and above were recruited using a systematic random sampling technique. We collected the
data through a face-to-face interview, observation and document review. We entered the data into EPIinfo
Version
7
and
analyzed
using
SPSS
version
21.
Binary
logistic
regression
analysis
was
conducted
to
determine
the
association
between
explanatory
variables
on
the
outcome
variable.
Factors
with
a
pvalue
of
less
than
0.25
in
the
bivariable
analysis
were
further
entered
into
the
multivariable
analysis
to
control
for
potential
confounders.
Adjusted
Odds
Ratio
(AOR)
with
95%
CI
was
used
as
a
measure
of
association
and
p-value
less than 0.05 was
taken
as
statistically
significant.
Results: A total of 420 PLHA taking ART were participated in this study. The prevalence of
depressive symptoms as assessed by PHQ-9 was 52.4% (95% CI= 47.6-57.1). Multivariable binary
logistic regression analysis revealed that employment status [AOR=0.22(95% CI= 0.13-0.36)],
patients most recent CD4 count [AOR=6.99 (95% CI=2.81-17.38)], months on ART [AOR=5.05 (95%
CI =2.38-10.74)] and chronic non-communicable diseases [AOR=7.90 (95% CI = 4.21-14.85)] were
significantly associated with depression among HIV positive patients.
Conclusion: Significant proportion of HIV positive patients taking ART drug had depressive
symptoms. Employment was found to be preventive while low CD4 count, starting ART therapy
recently, and presence of chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) were found with increased
odds of depression among HIV positive patients taking ART.
Description
Keywords
Depression, ART, Adama, Ethiopia