Prevalence of Hypertension and Associated Risk Factors in Adults of Kombolcha in South Wollo, northeast Ethiopia
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Date
2017-08-04
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is an important public health challenge because of its connection with the risk of developing other cardiovascular diseases. To effectively control this disease it is necessary to understand the level of HNT in different settings and associated risk factors. This study, therefore, aimed at assessing the prevalence of HTN and related factors in Kombolcha, northeast Ethiopia. A cross-sectional multi-stage sampling design was used. Data collected using a two-step approach in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) procedure. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were done for the participants together with administering a structured questionnaire to gather data on socio-demographic, physical activity, dietary habit and nutritional status. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used for data analysis. Out of 318 adults over the age of 20 years residing in Kombolcha town and is suburbs, 168(54.2%) were males and 140(45.8%) females. The prevalence of HTN was 30.7% (95% confidence interval (CI):1.96) with 30.2% male and 31.5% female. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), walking or riding a bicycle for 1-4 days/week, having a single family size and dietary diversity score (DDS) were significantly associated with the risk of HTN (p-value ˂0.05). Specifically, Male sex is 3 times at increased risk of developing HTN than females (AOR: 3.255, 95% CI: 1.116-9.491, p: 031). Study subjects with higher BMI were found to be 2 times at risk of developing HTN than the study subjects with normal BMI (AOR: 4.128 95% CI: 0.042-0.385, p: 0.000). Study participants who walk or ride a cycle for 1-2 days/week were develop HTN 2 times than who walk or ride a cycle for more days/week (AOR: 2.760, 95% CI: 2.233-8.146, p: 0.000). Those study participants who had not do sport were develop HTN 5 times than who do moderately or vigorously for 20 minute days of the week. Study participants who have more sedentary lifestyle like by watching TVs, playing game, khat chewing was at higher risk of developing HTN(AOR: 2.649, 95% CI: 0.052-0.427, p: 0.000).) This study revealed a high prevalence of HTN; together with high prevalence of unhealthy dietary pattern, nutritional status and lifestyle behavior. This is an alarm for public awareness creation, regular community screening for HTN, and proper preventive and treatment measures in those with high blood pressure.
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Lifestyle, Body Mass Index, Hypertention