Prevalence of periodontal disease and associated factors of periodontitis among diabetic patients under follow up at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Institution based cross sectional study
dc.contributor.advisor | Kebede,Tedla(Dr.) | |
dc.contributor.author | Leulseged,Beza | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2025-08-13T07:53:33Z | |
dc.date.available | 2025-08-13T07:53:33Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2023-07 | |
dc.description.abstract | Introduction: Diabetes and periodontal disease are chronic diseases with a significant impact on public health. The relationship between these two diseases has been well established and is said to be bi-directional. Diabetes is a risk factor for periodontal disease, and periodontal disease may have impact on glycemic status and other diabetic complications. There is a paucity of data related to the prevalence and associated factors of periodontal disease among Ethiopian diabetic patients. Objective: The main objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of periodontal disease and associated factors of periodontitis in diabetic patients attending their treatment and follow up at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital Methods: An institution based cross sectional study was conducted from June 1-July 31, 2023 on sampled diabetic patients following in the endocrine clinic of Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital during the study period. The study enrolled 216 diabetic patients in total. To examine the prevalence of periodontal disease and associated factors for periodontits, data were collected using a pretested questionnaire to assess sociodemographic, physical features, clinical parameters, glycemic profile (FBS & HgA1C), and oral hygiene practices. Following that, an oral examination was performed to determine bleeding on probing, community periodontal index (CPI) and clinical attachment loss (CAL). The logistic regression analysis was used to examine factors associated with periodontitis, and the ordinal regression analysis was used to estimate severity based on CAL. Data collected was analysed using STATA version 14 software and outcomes were presented by tables, figures and statements. Results: The overall prevalence of periodontal disease (either gingivitis or periodontitis) was 100%, with gingivitis affecting 98.6% of subjects and periodontitis affecting 91.7%. Multivariate analysis revealed Increasing age (AOR=1.06, 95% CI:1.01-1.11), use of combination antihyperglycemic medications (either combination oral or combination oral & insulin) (AOR=4.85, 95%:1.3-17.9), spironolactone use (AOR-0.21, 95% CI: 0.014-0.78) and presence of dentures (AOR-0.34; 95% CI: 0.04-0.65) to be significantly associated with periodontitis. In addition, bleeding on brushing was found to be significant indicator of periodontitis (AOR- 6.6; 95% CI: 1.5-34.5). Male gender (AOR-2.4, 95% CI: 1.08-5.36), lack of flossing (AOR-4.1, 95% CI: 0.04-1.04), and poor self perception of gum health (AOR-2.82, 95% CI: 1.25-6.38) were variables significantly associated with the risk of developing generalized periodontitis. Ordinal regression analysis showed that male gender (AOR-3.5, 95% CI: 1.4-8.7) and age ≥40 years (AOR-5.3, 95% CI: 1.4-20) were significantly related to periodontitis severity. Conclusion: The finding of this study showed that the magnitude of periodontal disease among diabetic patients was high. Increasing age, use of combination anti hyperglycemic drugs, spironolactone use, presence of dentures, and bleeding on brushing were independently associated with the occurrence of periodontitis. Furthermore, male gender and increasing age were found to be significant predictors of the severity and development of generalized periodontitis. | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/6681 | |
dc.language.iso | en_US | |
dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | |
dc.subject | Diabetes | |
dc.subject | periodontal disease | |
dc.subject | periodontitis | |
dc.subject | gingivitis | |
dc.title | Prevalence of periodontal disease and associated factors of periodontitis among diabetic patients under follow up at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Institution based cross sectional study | |
dc.type | Thesis |