Evaluation of anti-hyperglycemic effect of hydroethanolic extract of Foeniculum Vulgare (“Ensilal”) seed on alloxaninduced Diabetic male Wistar albino rats.
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Date
2019-12
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: - Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a
chronic hyperglycemic condition resulting from inherited and acquired deficiency in production
of insulin by the pancreas, and due to resistance to insulin’s effects. DM is one of the leading
causes of death, disability, illness, and economic loss in the world. Nowadays herbal medicines
have become a good alternatives for the treatment of hyperglycemia. Ethiopia has many plants that
are useful in the treatment of different diseases from those fennel has a potential in reducing the
hyperglycemic state during diabetes.
Objective: - To evaluate the anti-hyperglycemic effect of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) seed
hydro-ethanolic extracts on alloxan-induced diabetic male Wistar albino rats.
Method: -Thirty-six male Wistar albino rats with a weight of 180-250 grams were induced with
diabetes using 175mg/kg alloxan monohyderate. After grouping, experimental rats were given
daily oral administration of hydro - ethanolic extract of Foeniculum vulgare seed (100, 200 and
400mg/kg) for 21consecuative days. Fasting blood sugar, total cholestrol, triglyceride, alanine
aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and histopatology of liver was assessed. Glibenclamide
was used as a standard reference drug. Additionally in vitro study conducted on Free radical
scavenging and α amylase inhibitory activity of the Foeniculum vulgare seed hydroethanolic extract
was also investigated.
Result: - Foeniculum vulgare seed hydro-ethanolic extract showed a highly significant blood-
glucose-lowering effect. After induction of diabetes, rats treated with
400mg/kg
extract
respond in
a better, gradual, and statistically significant way to reduce mean blood glucose levels from 352
mg/dl on day 0 to 189.1 mg/dl on 21
st
day. In addition, a significant reduction was observed in
total cholesterol, triglyceride, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase analysis
also, liver abnormality restoration were seen in histopatological study. Besides, good anti-
oxidative and
α amylase inhibitory activity was shown from the in vitro lab tests.
Conclusion: - The result of the experiment showed that Foeniculum vulgare seeds may have several
bioactive secondary metabolites effective in lowering blood glucose levels and increasing body
antioxidants.
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Keywords
Diabetes mellitus, Alloxan, Foeniculum vulgare, Wistar albino rats