Assessment of Diabetic Aelf Care Practices and Associated Factors Among Type II Diabetic Patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital Endocrinology Unit, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Date
2012-05
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is a general term for a group of metabolic disorders that affect the body’s ability to process and use sugar (glucose) for energy. The three most common forms of diabetes are type I diabetes, type II diabetes, and gestational diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus resulting from the combination of resistance to insulin action and inadequate insulin secretion. It is a serious public health problem that threatens the quality of life, the success of long-term maintenance therapy for diabetes depends largely on the patients’ adherence with self-care practices.
Objective: Was to assess diabetic self care practices and associated factors among type II diabetic patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa City.
Method: institutional based cross sectional study design was utilized, 323 study subjects were selected using systematic random sampling technique and the data was collected using interviewer administered structured questioner, data was entered in to EPI-INFO version 3.5.1 and analyzed
using SPSS version 16. Frequencies and other descriptive statistics were computed. Bivariate and Multivariate logistic regression were computed to assess statistical association between the outcome variable and selected independent variables using Odds ratio, significance of statistical association
was assured or tested using 95%CI and P-value (<0.05). Scoring method was employed to classify patients’ self-care practice level as adhered or not adhered.
Results: The response rate was 99.1%, of all respondents 167(52.2%) and 153(47.8%) were Female and Male respectively. The majority of the study participants 232 (72.5%) were in the age group of 30 to 60 years. Most of the respondents were orthodox Christian 257 (80.3%) by religion and Amara184 (57.2%) by ethnicity. Of the total respondents 182(57%), 246(77%), 211(66%) and 139(43%) were attended formal education, married, unemployed and had very low monthly income respectively Respondents’ self-care practices were, the majority 270 (84.4%) respondents were not
adhered to SMBG practice. A total of 311(97.2%) respondents were adhered to anti-diabetic medication. The majority 252 (78.8%) respondents were not adhered to recommended diet management practices. one hundred seventy (53.1%) were reported adhered to physical activity that meet the
recommended guidelines .Of all study participants, 213(66.6) respondents were adhered to the recommended diabetic foot care practices. Overall self-care practices (SDSCA) were reported as adhered in 178 (55.6%) participants. There was a significant association between level of education,
monthly income, Presence of glucometry at home, marital status, diabetic complication, age and gender and self-care practices. But there was no a significant association between duration of diabetes, Occupation and family history of diabetic and self-care practices.
Conclusion: Despite the important role of self-care practices in management of diabetes were recognized to be useful and effective in achieving diabetes control and preventing its serious complication, findings of this study were indicated that most patients had no adherence to self-care practices especially in SMBG and diet management. Generally adherence to self-care practice was suboptimal among type II diabetic patients in TASH Endocrinology unit. Hence healthcare personnel must increase patients’ awareness on the importance of all domains of self-care practice
and strongly promote the practice through effective IEC programme.
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Keywords
Adherence, Self-care, Self-care practices, diabetic complications, associated factors