Ethiopia Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
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Date
2014-05
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Addis Abeba Universty
Abstract
1.1 Outbreak of Measles in Kucha district, Gamo Gofa zone, Ethiopia, August, 2013
Abstract Text:
Background: Measles is a highly infectious vaccine preventable childhood disease that infects over 20
million people each year. On 14th August, 2013; five suspected cases of measles were reported in Kucha
district, Gamo Gofa zone, Ethiopia. We conducted an investigation to confirm the diagnosis, assess
factors associated with the outbreak and recommend control measure.
Method: We conducted 1:2 unmatched case-control study, we defined a case as any resident of Kucha
district with fever, rash, and either cough, conjunctivitis or coryza, between August 14 to 20th September,
2013.Five blood specimen collected from suspected cases for testing Measles IgM. We reviewed patient’s
medical records of in the health facilities and active search for additional cases in affected communities.
Questionnaires were administered to caregivers of cases and controls to obtain information on Sciodemography
and risk factors. Immunization status was assessed using immunization card and/or care
givers recall.
Results: We found 148 cases with (AR=8/10,000) with two death (CFR=1.2%). A total of 30 cases and
60 controls recruited Females constitute 53.3% and 51.7% of cases and controls respectively. The median
age was 6.5 years (range 8 month to 18 years) and controls 7.5(1-18 years), and 39 (26.4%) under five
and 97(65.5%) were 5-14 years old. Measles vaccine coverage 92%. Prior vaccination status (OR=0.21,
95% CI: 0.08-0.54), Knowledge of measles transmission (OR= 0.13, 95%CI: 0.02-0.35). Living in a room
with more than six people (OR=4.2, 95%CI: 1.53-11.95). All five samples tested positive for measles
IgM.
Conclusion: Low measles immunization, poor knowledge of transmission of measles, and overcrowded
living condition and accumulation of susptible groups above 5 years age may be responsible for this
epidemic. We recommend supplemental measles vaccination, strengthening of routine immunization and
Public advocacy on immunization campaigns, Vaccination campaigns should target children above age of
five years.
Keywords: Measles outbreak, Ethiopia, Gamogofa, case control, Kucha
Description
Keywords
Measles outbreak, Ethiopia, Gamogofa, case control, Kucha