Assessment of Burden of Common Mental Disorders among HIV Positive Adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Does HIV Status Disclosure Matter
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Date
2016-06
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Addis Abeba Universty
Abstract
Background: Since the first evidence of HIV was detected in 1981, AIDS has claimed the lives of millions and left behind a huge number as orphans. Trend analysis (2001-2013) in Ethiopia showed the number of Adolescents living with HIV in Ethiopia raised from 35,000 to 140,000. Evidences from both developed and developing countries showed that HIV and mental disorders are intertwined; and the prevalence of CMD in people living with HIV is significantly higher than prevalence in general population. Method: Cross-sectional study conducted to assess the magnitude of Common mental disorder among HIV positive adolescents and its relation with HIV status disclosure in four public hospitals in Addis Ababa. Purposive and Simple random sampling techniques employed to select hospitals and recruit restudy participants respectively. Four hundred forty one adolescents included in the sample. Result: The prevalence of common mental disorder is 22.45% among HIV positive Adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. We investigated HIV status disclosure is not significantly associated CMDs in adolescents, except one domain (peer relation disorder, AOR 1.88 [1.06, 3.34]. Age AOR 2.12[1.27, 3.54], Female sex AOR 2.06 [1.24, 3.42], unknown parental marital status AOR 5.12 [1.18, 22.27], parental occupation of house wives AOR 4.28 [1.92, 9.54], daily labor AOR 2.59 [1.10, 6.15], and merchants/self-employed were significantly associated with common mental disorders in adolescents. Furthermore, perceived feeling of Stigma AOR 5.08[2.94, 8.80] and Perceived medium AOR 2.15[1.13, 4.10] and poor health status AOR 5.15[2.05, 13.08] were also significantly associated with common mental disorder in adolescents.
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Conclusion: The study showed High prevalence of CMD in adolescents; which is disproportionally prevalent in females. Age, Female sex, parental occupation, and marital status, perceived feeling of stigma, and perceived medium and poor health status are independent predictors. Recommendation: To improve the mental health status of the Adolescents with HIV infection; early diagnosis, screening mechanism and treatment of mental disorder is necessary in primary health care settings and need to be integrated into comprehensive HIV care and treatment settings. Furthermore, prospective longitudinal investigations are necessary to elucidate causal factors associated with resilience, onset, and severity of mental disorders in adolescents with HIV infection with similar comparative group.
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Assessment of Burden of Common Mental Disorders