Risk Actors of Active Tuberculosis Among People Living with HIV who are on ART Follow up at Harar Government Hospitals, Ethiopia, 2019.
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Date
2019-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis is the most frequent life-threatening opportunistic infection and a leading cause of death among HIV infected people. Tuberculosis increases HIV replication through the process of immune activation leading to increased viral load.
Objective: To assess the risk factors of active Tuberculosis among People living with HIV on ART follow upat Harargovernment hospitals, Ethiopia, 2019.
Methodology: An institutional based case control study was conducted from March 13 to April 15, at Harar government hospitals, Ethiopia, 2019using pre-tested, validated, structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and total of 301 participants responded. The Study participants were selected by simple random sampling technique after proportional allocation of samples to the hospitals. Furthermore, descriptive statistics, binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to assess factors associated with active tuberculosis among people living with HIV.
Results:Out of 321 participants a total of 301 responded 101 cases and 200 controls. After adjustment for potential confounders, CD4 200-499 (AOR=7.15,95% CI:2.71-18.84), being single (AOR=4.47, 95% CI:1.04-19.27), BMI<18.5 (AOR=6.1,1 95% CI:2.28-16.36), previous
smoking (AOR=7.75, 95% CI:2.27-26.50), no formal educational (3.78, 95% CI:1.29-18.84),were independently associated with the development of active tuberculosis in people living withHIV/AIDS.
Conclusion: This study reflects that most of host related factors are identified as independent risks so health care providers should focus on this and provide intensified screening and health education to prevent the risk is recommended and need to be done.
Recommendation: health care professionals should have to establish well organized education program and they should strength the existing programs. Further research should be done in order to overcome inconsistent findings from different regions of Ethiopia.
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Keywords
Risk factors, active tuberculosis, People living with HIV