Development induced displacement of urban dwellers in Addis Ababa: an implication for rebuilding social capital.
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Date
2019-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
The absence of researches conducted on development induced displacement on social capital of the relocated people in Addis Ababa especially, on the experience of rebuilding social capital as an implication served as a baseline to undertake this study. Development-induced displacement (DID) is the forcing of communities and individuals out of their homes, often also their homelands, for the purposes of economic development. The focuses of this study is on the impact of development induced displacement on social capital in Addis Ababa. The relocation program was implemented in 2007and about a sample of 191 from the total population of 3040. The population of the study was taken from three development induced displacement areas, (Aroge Qera 2, Parlama and Sheraton expansion) that were living in Arada sub city and are now in leaving Bole Sub city. The general objective of the study was to assess the development induced displacement of urban dwellers; an implication for rebuilding social capital in Addis Ababa. Both quantitative and qualitative research approach is used and a case study design is employed. Various data collection techniques were used; including interview, focus group discussion, observation and document review. The findings of the study indicated that the government minimally considered the social aspect of the relocated people in the relocation process. The relocation program has significantly affected the social capital of the relocated house households. Distance among households of the previous social groups is a major challenge in the process of maintaining the previous social capital. The research findings also revealed rebuilding social capital (new social world) is one of the coping mechanisms devised by the relocated people. The findings also indicated that the participation of different stakeholders in helping the relocated people is minimal. The availability of institutions and social services that facilitate rebuilding social capital is almost nonexistent and this affected interaction among the relocated people and the pace of social capital formation. Besides, the rehabilitation program gave minimal attention to the social re-establishments in the new location. The overall findings of the study suggested that a system of socio- economic assessment, which considers social capital of the relocated people, inclusive rehabilitation program with team members from different professions, developing holistic national relocation policy, monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to follow up post relocation situation to minimize social disarticulation and other impoverishments, should always be in place during relocating people.
Description
A Thesis Submitted to College of Business and Economics, Department of Public Administration and Development Management Presented in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Degree of Masters in Public Management and Policy
Keywords
Development induced displacement, Rebuilding social capital, Social capital