Seroprevalence of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia in Borana and Guji Lowlands, Southern Ethiopia
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Date
2008-06
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Abstract
A multistage cross sectional serological study, questionnaire survey and participatory appraisal were conducted on contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) from October, 2007 to April, 2008 in Borana and Guji lowlands, Southern Ethiopia, to determine the prevalence of the disease, to identify the risk factors for the occurrence of the disease and to assess the perception of the community on CCPP in particular and other goat diseases in general. A total of 951 serum samples (900 from goats and 51 from sheep) were collected and tested using Complement Fixation Test (CFT). Questionnaire surveys were conducted with 69 randomly selected households. Participatory disease appraisal was done with 12 informant groups in 12 different villages, the group size varying from 5-12 informants and with a total of 120 informants. Out of the 900 goat sera samples tested, 119 (13.2%) were seropositive for CCPP, giving an overall seroprevalence of 13.2 % (95%CI=11.0%-15.4%) in the study areas. A seroprevalence of 18.3% (95% CI=14.3%-22.7%), 11.7% (95% CI=8%-15.2%) and 9.7% (95% CI=6.3%-12.6%) were recorded in Liban, Teltale and Moyale Districts, respectively. The seroprevalence recorded among the districts was significantly different (p<0.05). The seroprevalence recorded in Liban district was significantly different from that of Moyale District (p<0.05). Moreover, out of 51 sheep samples tested, 3 (5.9%) were seropositive. Statistical analysis on the assumed risk factors showed that the seroprevalence observed in age groups, flock size groups and distance from veterinary service centre were found to be significantly different (p<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis on the assumed risk factors showed that age, flock size and distance from veterinary service centre were the major risk factors for the occurrence of the disease in the area with Odds ratios of 2.18 (95% CI=1.64-2.91), 1.59 (95% CI=1.11-2.29) and 1.43 (95% CI=1.03-1.98), respectively. Contact at watering points, restocking, lack of veterinary service, and large flock size were identified to be the major factors for the spread and occurrence of the disease in the area. Participatory disease appraisal has indicated that the community has good knowledge about contagious caprine pleuropneumonia and other goat diseases, implying that the indigenous knowledge of the pastoral community could be used complementarily with the conventional disease investigation technique in the area. In conclusion, the serological findings, questionnaire survey and participatory appraisal have indicated that contagious caprine pleuropneumonia was
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the top major goat health problem in the area which warrants appropriate measures to be in place towards the prevention and control of the disease in the study areas.
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Borana and Guji lowlands, CCPP/Ethiopia/Participatory, Seroprevalence