Effect of Different Bran, Germ and Endosperm Composition of White and Brown Sorghum Varieties on Iron-Binding Polyphenols and Phytate: Implications to Iron Bioavailability During Fermentation

dc.contributor.advisorRetta, Negussie (Professor)
dc.contributor.advisorBaye, Kaleab (PhD)
dc.contributor.authorSeyoum, Yohannes
dc.date.accessioned2021-01-27T12:30:36Z
dc.date.accessioned2023-11-09T15:32:34Z
dc.date.available2021-01-27T12:30:36Z
dc.date.available2023-11-09T15:32:34Z
dc.date.issued2013-06-06
dc.description.abstractThe improvement of sorghum varieties for beneficial agricultural traits might affect their nutritional and processing properties. The nutritional profile of agriculturally improved varieties (low tannin and high tannin) and the effect of traditional decortication and injera fermentation on nutritional characteristics and iron bioavailability were investigated. Low- (Meko) and hightannin (Seredo) sorghum varieties were collected and characterized for their grain characteristics and nutritional profile. Household decortication was characterized and its effect on nutrient retention and mineral chelating agents was evaluated. Further experiments were conducted by extending and shortening of the decortication time and its effect on nutritional profile was investigated. The effect of fermentation on mineral chelating compounds was evaluated. Iron bioavailability was estimated using phytate to iron molar ratio and Hallberg and Hulthén’s algorithm. Seredo has slightly higher pericarp thickness than Meko, but had lower seed size and nearly the same germ proportion. The iron-binding polyphenols content of Seredo was six to nine times higher than that of Meko (P< 0.05). Decortication had numerous effects on nutrient retention. Significant losses in iron-binding polyphenols were observed for both varieties (P< 0.05). However, the losses of iron-binding polyphenols were affected by extraction rates. Seredo had higher loss of phytate and tannin than Meko. Decortication led to iron losses of 27.3% in Meko and 23.7% in Seredo. Despite the loss of chelating compounds; the phytate to iron molar ratio was above 1. Further reduction in chelating compounds was observed during fermentation. Fermentation led to significant losses of iron-binding polyphenols for Seredo (P< 0.05) but not for Meko. Losses of tannin and phytate were also observed. However, the observed phytate degradation was not enough to improve the phytate to iron molar ratio to values that are likely to improve iron bioavailability (phytate/Fe< 1). Nevertheless, iron bioavailability estimated using Hallberg and Hulthén’s algorithm predicted two times more fractional iron absorption in Meko than in Seredo. The present study has shown that retention of nutrients during decortication was dependent on variety. Furthermore, the degradation of phytate achieved during fermentation did not result in significant improvements in iron bioavailability estimates. However, combining decortication and fermentation showed the possibility of reducing the iron-binding phenolics content of the high tannin variety to the extent of the low tannin one. This suggests the need for improving the efficiency of phytate and polyphenols degradation during fermentation of dough for injera preparation.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://10.90.10.223:4000/handle/123456789/24862
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherAddis Ababa Universityen_US
dc.subjectSorghumen_US
dc.subjectTraditional Decorticationen_US
dc.subjectFermentationen_US
dc.subjectIronen_US
dc.subjectPhytateen_US
dc.subjectIron-Bindingen_US
dc.subjectPolyphenolsen_US
dc.subjectBioavailabilityen_US
dc.titleEffect of Different Bran, Germ and Endosperm Composition of White and Brown Sorghum Varieties on Iron-Binding Polyphenols and Phytate: Implications to Iron Bioavailability During Fermentationen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US

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