Establishment of Reference Interval for Serum Protein Electrophoresis of Apparently Healthy Adults in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2020-07
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Serum protein electrophoresis is a laboratory technique routinely employed for the identification of patients with multiple myeloma and other disorders of serum proteinfractions. Even though, several factors affect reference intervals, company derived values arecurrently in use, and little or no data is available in resource limited setting countries likeEthiopia. Therefore, the current study will establish reference interval for serum protein fractionswhich serve as baseline data for the diagnosis, interpretation and monitoring of problemsassociated with serum proteins fractions in clinical laboratories.
Objective: To establish reference interval for serum protein electrophoresis of apparentlyhealthy adults in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Method: A cross-sectional study design was conducted on a total of 297 apparently healthyadults from April-October 2019 in four selected sub cities (Akaki, Kirkos, Arada, Yeka) ofAddis Ababa, Ethiopia. Socio-demographic data were obtained from previously collectedreference interval study data while laboratory analysis of collected samples was performed usingCapillarys 2 Flex Piercing analyzer. Data was entered into Microsoft Excel and exported toSPSS version 23 and med-cal software for analysis. Data was explored and tested by Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) and Shapiro-Wilk test of normality and Mann-Whitney test to checkPartitions. For p≥0.05, the data was considered as normally distributed. Non-parametric methodof reference range establishment was performed as per CLSI guideline EP28A3C. The lower andupper limits, including 95% distribution with 90% confidence intervals, were calculated. Theresults were expressed as percentages and absolute concentration and presented by tablesaccordingly.
Result: The established RIs were: Albumin 53.83-64.59%, 52.24-63.55%; Alpha-1 globulin3.04-5.40%, 3.44-5.60%; Alpha-2 globulin 8.0-12.67%, 8.44-12.87%; and Beta-1 globulin 5.017.38%,5.14-7.86%.Moreover,Albumintoglobulinratio was1.16-1.8,1.09-1.74formaleandfemale,respectively. The combined RIs for Beta-2 globulin and Gamma globulin were 2.544.90%and12.40-21.66%,respectively.
Conclusion:The current study established reference interval for serum protein fractions and revealed gender specific differences in reference interval except for Beta-2 globulin and Gammaglobulin.
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Serum protein electrophoresis, reference interval, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia