Adequacy of Ethiopian EIA Procedure and Its Implementation: Case of Yeka Abado, and Kasanchis Condominium Projects
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Date
2024-09
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
The absence of evaluation results from project EIAs limits access to reliable legislative and administrative information, hindering effective mitigation of environmental and social impacts. Thus, analyzing Ethiopia's EIA framework and the status of environmental and social impact assessments in condominium projects is essential. This study examines the adequacy and execution of the Ethiopian Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) system, with a specific focus on condominium projects in Addis Ababa. It addresses and evaluates the legislative and procedural aspects of EIA in Ethiopia. Utilizing a survey-based approach, the research integrated document reviews, field observations, and feedback from stakeholders through questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions. A total of 100 questionnaires were distributed to stakeholders, including regulatory bodies, project proponents, EIA practitioners, NGOs, and academic institutions, to assess their views on EIA legislation, processes, and implementation. Interviews and focus group discussions provided insights into community perspectives on environmental and social impacts. Field observations were conducted to verify both existing and unforeseen environmental impacts using descriptive qualitative analysis method. The findings highlight varied levels of familiarity with EIA legislation among stakeholders, with EIA practitioners demonstrating the highest understanding. Perceptions of the clarity and effectiveness of the legislative framework were mixed, with regulatory bodies and EIA practitioners generally finding it clear, while others expressed dissatisfaction. Stakeholder opinions on public participation, community concerns, and the effectiveness of EIA in managing cumulative impacts varied. Key issues included inadequate administrative procedures, poor communication, and ineffective mitigation measures. The study also revealed concerns about the integration of EIA into development planning and its alignment with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Focus Group Discussions revealed both positive and negative impacts of condominium projects, such as changes in air quality, infrastructure, and community dynamics. The study underscores significant strengths and weaknesses in the Ethiopian EIA framework, emphasizing the need for improved procedures and implementation to support sustainable development.
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Keywords
Environmental Impact Assessment, legislative framework, Management Plan, Implementation, Condominium