Clinical Features and Treatment Outcomes of Preeclampsia and Eclampsia at Gondar University Specialized Teaching Hospital Amhara Ethiopia, 2020/2021.
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Date
2021-07
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: - Preeclampsia is a disorder of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure
and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation, and a common direct obstetric cause for perinatal
and maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries.
Objective: To assess the clinical features, and treatment outcome of women with preeclampsia
and Eclampsia admitted in Gondar University specialized hospital, Northern Ethiopia 2020/2021.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional chart review study was conducted at Gondar university
specialized hospital from April 9-May/30/2021. Among women hospitalized for preeclampsia
and eclampsia 311 mothers selected using systematic sampling. A pretested check list was used
to collect data from medical records. The collected data was coded, entered into Epi-data version
4.6, and exported to SPSS 26 for descriptive and inferential analysis. Chi-square and fishers
exact test were done to determine a statistically significant factors and a p-value of ≤0.05 was
considered to set a statically significant association.
Results; Out of 311 study population, almost half of cases (49.8%) were preeclampsia with
severity features. While, Eclampsia accounted for 18.6% of women. Above 50% of mothers
required immediate interventions to terminate the pregnancy by cesarean section for various
indications. Unfavorable maternal outcome was present in more than 25% of cases; the observed
unfavorable maternal outcomes were aspiration pneumonia 10.6%, HELLP syndrome 8.7% and
maternal death 2(0.6%).While 12.2% of cases had unfavorable perinatal outcome. The
unfavorable perinatal outcomes were still birth 31(10%) and early neonatal death 7(2.3%).
Disease severity, mode of delivery, aspartate transaminase, gravidity, gestational age and
antenatal care were statistically significant factors with outcome of pregnancy.
Conclusion; Prevalence of unfavorable maternal and perinatal outcomes of preeclampsia and
eclampsia are considerable in the study area. To deter these effects both on perinatal and the
maternal outcomes of pregnancy, antenatal care services and emergency obstetrics and new born
care should be expanded and strengthen.
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Keywords
Preeclampsia, eclampsia, outcome, Gondar and Ethiopia