The Magnitude and Factors Associated with Pressure Ulcer Among Patients Admitted to Adult Medical and Surgical ICU, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: 6-Month Retrospective Study
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Date
2018-07
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Title: The Magnitude and Factors Associated with Pressure Ulcer Among Patients Admitted to Adult
Medical and Surgical ICU, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: 6-Month
Retrospective Study, from January 1,2018 to July 1, 2018.
Background: Pressure ulcer represents a widespread, painful, and expensive health care problem
directly associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay. Knowledge of the
magnitude and factors associated with to the development of pressure ulcer allows identification of
patients at risk for ulcer development such that preventive measures may then be targeted to those specific
patients. There were no previous local studies assessing the magnitude and factors associated with
pressure ulcer among ICU admitted patients and this study aimed to fill this gap.
Objective: To assess the magnitude and factors associated with pressure ulcer among patients admitted to
adult medical and surgical ICU unit of Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital (TASH).
Methods and materials: A 6-month facility based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to
determine the magnitude and factors associated with pressure ulcer among patients admitted to adult
medical and surgical ICU unit of Tikur Anbessa Specialized hospital (TASH). The study was done in a
sample of 237 patients which were admitted to the ICU of TASH, from January 1,2018 to July 1, 2018.
Data were collected using structured checklists from chart reviews. The collected data was cleaned and
analyzed using SPSS version 26. Bivariate and Multivariate logistic regression models were used to
identify the degree of the association. The degree of association between dependent and independent
variables was interpreted by using crude odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals and P-value <0.05 was
considered statistically significant.
Results: From a sample of 237, a total of 58 (24.5%) participants had pressure ulcer. The magnitude of
pressure ulcer among MICU admitted study participants was 36.6% whereas among SICU admitted
participants was 11.4%. The length of ICU stay was found to be strongly associated with the development
of pressure ulcer. Those who stayed in the ICU for more than 14 days were 8.9 times at increased risk of
developing pressure ulcer compared to those who stayed for less than 14 days (AOR=8.995, P
value=<0.0001, 95% CI 3.634 to 22.264).
Conclusion: A quarter of adult patients admitted to the ICU had pressure ulcer and prolonged hospital
stay was found to be associated with the development of the ulcer.
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Keywords
Pressure Ulcer ,Patients,Adult Medical , Surgical ICU