Determinants of Death in children aged 1 month and 14 years Admitted to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2024-08-02
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background
The intensive care unit (PICU) serve as a critical health care environment for children facing
sever and potentially life threating conditions, the management of critically ill children requires a
multidisciplinary approach and is characterized by high levels of complexity and variability.
Understanding the determinants of mortality in the PICU is essential for improving patient
outcomes, optimizing resource allocation and guiding future research in pediatric critical care.
6.2 Objectives
The purpose of this study is to assess the predictors and determinants of death among children
aged 1 month - 14 years admitted to pediatric intensive care unit at Tikur Anbessa hospital
specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, 2024.
vi
6.3 Methodology
This is a prospective study of children aged less than 15 years admitted at pediatric intensive care
unit Tikur Anbessa Hospital Addis Ababa from October 2024 to February 2025. Data was
collected from patient’s using structured questionnaires. The data was cleaned, entered and
analyzed by using SPSS version 25. Descriptive results was presented in tables and figures and
binary logistic regression model was used and p- value <0.05 was considered as statistically
significant.
6.4 Result
A total of 145 children were studied; more than two-thirds 97 (66.9%). were under 5 years of
age. The majority of the children, 77 (53.1%), were males, with 77 (53.1%) from the capital,
Addis Ababa, and most, 132 (91.0%), referred from public hospitals. Regarding the caregiver's
educational status, the majority, 63 (43.4%) have a primary to secondary education background,
followed by university 48 (33.1%) and no education 34 (23.4%).with respiratory condition being
the most common primary ICU admission diagnosis, 62 (42.8%); followed by infection and
sepsis, 35 (24.1%) and 13 (9.0%), respectively. More than one-third of the children 56 (38.6%)
had comorbidities. The mortality rate at the intensive care unit was 30.3% .Moreover mechanical
ventilation need (AOR = 4.92, 95% CI 1.67, 14.45, p-value = 0.004) and (AOR = 8.16, 95% CI
2.81, 23.72, p-value = 0.000). Finally, the odds of death were 71% reduced among those who
stayed for more than 72 hours in ICU compared to those who stayed 72 hours or less (AOR =
0.29, 95% CI 0.11–0.83; P-value = 0.022).
6.5 Conclusion
The mortality rate at the PICU was 30.3%. Patients who utilize mechanical ventilators, have
comorbid conditions, require inotropes and those who stay longer in PICU has higher mortality
and should be treated with extra vigilance.
Description
Keywords
Determinants, Pediatric patient, PICU, outcome, Mortality