A Study on the Assessement of Prevalance of Asthma and Factors that Lead Patients to Visit Adult Emergency Room Of Zewditu Memmorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, 2017
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Date
2017-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Introduction: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. It imposes a large
burden on individuals and health care systems so that periodic research on the prevalence and
factors that lead patients to visit ER is mandatory for proper health care planning, management
and prevention of the problem in order to reduce health care cost, morbidity and mortality
thereby assuring productive citizens.
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of asthma and factors that
lead patients to visit adult emergency room of Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia, and 2017 GC.
Methodology: A descriptive institutional based crossectional retrospective study was conducted
in adult emergency room of Zewditu Memorial Hospital. Data was collected from HMIS record
and then from personal health records of patients, who visited adult emergency room from
February 1, 2016 to February 1, 2017. Finally it was analyzed with SPSS Version 20 and
presented in tables and graphs.
Result: from the total 120patients studied 55 (45.8%) were males and 65(54.2%) were female
giving a male to female ratio of0.84 to 1.0. The prevalence of bronchial asthma was 1.5%.
Majority of age group found in the age class of 34-43 years and 54-63 that accounts 31(25.8%)
and 25(20.8%) respectively. Only 7(5.8%) patients found in the age class of 14-23 years. The
mean age of the patient was 46.73 with SD of 17.5. Most of the patients, 63(52.5%) were
moderate, 27 (22.5%) were mild and 30(25%) were severe asthma. From the study subjects,
61(50.8%) were forced to visit emergency due to exposure to allergen, 21(17.5%) due to severity
of asthma, 13(10.8%) came due to dug compliance poor adherence to regular treatment) and the
rest 25(20.8%) had come due to other reasons like stress, exercise,
Conclusion: There was a low prevalence of asthma with no sex difference. The dominant
symptoms found from the study subjects were wheezing, dyspnea and cough. Most patients
classified as moderate asthma and most patients come to emergency due to exposure to different
allergens. So health professionals in the ED should classify asthma severity properly according
to GINA guide line and give regular education about the triggering factors of asthma.
Key Words: Prevalence, Emergency department, Asthma, ZMH
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Keywords
Prevalence; Emergency department; Asthma; ZMH