Study on the potential of some botanical Powders and Nimbecidine® for the management of Sesame seed bug (Elasmolomus sordidus, Fab.) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) in Humera, Northwest Ethiopia
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Date
2011-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Sesamum indicum is one of the oldest oil seed crop grown for its high oil content in many
countries. Elasmolomus sordidus is the major pest of sesame seeds both in field and storage
condition. This experiment was done to evaluate the efficacy of Pyrethrum (Chrysanthemum
cinaraefolium), neem (Azadirachta indica), birbira (Milletia ferruginea) and nimbecidine oil
for the management of the series sesame seed pest, E. sordidus as alternative management
options of synthetic pesticides. The bug was reared in the field on sesame seeds as a feed and
the other test in the laboratory at 32±20C and 50 to 60% RH. Powder of pyrethrum, neem,
birbira, and nimbecidine oil were tested under laboratory condition for its ability to protect
sesame seeds against E. sordidus with respect to adult and nymph mortality, egg inhibition
and seed weight and oil loss. For comparison standard check malathoin and untreated sesame
seeds were included. Moreover treated sesame seeds and bagging materials were provided to
evaluate the efficacy of treated seeds against weight loss due to E. sordidus. In addition
treated sesame seeds in open plastic buckets were also provided in highly infested area to
evaluate the efficacy of the botanicals against uncontrolled visitors of sesame seed bug both
in weight loss and mean mortality. Hundred percent mortality of adult and nymph of E.
sordidus were obtained with Pyrethrum powder at all levels of concentrations after 24 hour
exposure time. About 100% mortality was also obtained in all concentrations of neem and
birbira after 48hrs after treatment application. Nimbecidine also achieves >90% nymph and
>70% adult mortality 48 hrs after treatment application. Sesame seeds treated with the
botanicals also achieved excellent egg inhibition up to >70% in pyrethrum. Sesame seeds
treated with neem and nimbecidine showed low weight loss than Malathion treated seeds
after 50th day storage in the shade area due to the E. sordidus. In the treated sacks neem and
nimbecidine showed lower weight loss than the others but there was no difference from
Malathion. In open bucket lowest weight loss, oil loss and highest mortality of uncontrolled
visiting seed bug was recorded in pyrethrum than the other treatments with no recorded oil
loss in the closed control. Accordingly, these results indicated that the use of powders of the
tested plants and nimbecidine can give effective control of the most important pest of stored
sesame seed E. sordidus.
Keywords: Elasmolomus sordidus, sack treatment, seed treatment, uncontrolled visitors,
shade, plant powders, weight loss
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Keywords
Elasmolomus Sordidus, Sack Treatment, Seed Treatment, Uncontrolled Visitors, Shade, Plant Powders, Weight Loss