Prevalence and determent risk factors of active pulmonary tuberculosis in federal prison administration high security and Kilinto appointment prison centers at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2018-12
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: TB prevention and control practices in many correctional facilities were long
needed. Particularly attention needs to be given to screening, identifying persons who are
infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis or who have active TB disease.
Objective: This study was done to assess the determinant factors for the prevalence of active
pulmonary TB among presumed to be TB individuals with characteristic symptom of TB from
Kality High Security Prison and Kilinto Prison Centers.
Method: a facility -based cross-sectional study design was used to recruit 218 inmates in
Kality High Security and Kilinto Prison Centers, between April 1 and may 31
. Inmates were
eligible for the study if they had cough for more than or equal to two weeks during the study
period. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data on risk factors of pulmonary
tuberculosis. Sputum samples were collected from presumed to be TB inmates and examined
using sputum GeneXpert and light microscopy.
Result: From 218 examined sputum, 11/218 (5.4%) were positive. The prevalence of
pulmonary tuberculosis was 5.04% (11/218) and 2.8% (6/218) as detected by GeneXpert and
microscopy, respectively. 5 from Kilinto Remand prison (2.29%) and 7 from Kality High
Security (3.21%) had PTB when tested with GeneXpert. From the total of 218 inmates, 92.7 %
(202/218) were male where 11 (100%) of the PTB cases were male. In multivariate analysis,
Prison home with less than 3 window with (AOR=3.2; 95% CI=0.9-10.31, Alcohol
consumption with AOR=0.50; 95% CI=3.7-2.45, having history of TB infection (AOR=5.8;
95% CI=1.73-25.1), Age 18-45 (OR=0.15; 95% CI=0.29-0.89), had significant association
with increased odds of being positive for PTB. in this study. RIF’s resistance not detected.
Conclusion: 5.4 %PTB point prevalence in this study was twice higher than the national TB
(0.211 %) indicated by National TB Indicator survey of 2013. Detected PTB was associated
with being young age, availability of window, having TB history and Alcohol consumption
was found to be risk factor for PTB. GeneXpert detected more PTB in the sputum sample
(more sensitive) than microscopy.
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Keywords
Prevalence, Risk Factors, PTB, Prison