Admission Hypothermia and Associated Factors among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care unit in Public Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024
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Date
2024-06-19
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: - Neonatal hypothermia is a worldwide problem and an important contributing factor for neonatal morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. The risk is higher for infants who are smaller birth weight and more premature. In Ethiopia specifically, admission hypothermia is estimated to be present in a staggering 69.4% of all neonatal deaths.
Objective: To assess prevalence of admission hypothermia and associated factors among neonates admitted in public hospitals NICU, Addis Ababa.
Method: - An institution-based cross-sectional retrospective study design was Conducted From 1st January 2021 to 30 December 2023 with total sample size of 414, the data was collected during 25 February to 25 March 2024. A single population formula used for sampling and Simple random sampling technique was used to collect the samples from neonates admitted with hypothermia in selected hospitals in addis ababa. Check list was used for data collection and SPSS 27 Version was used for analysis. Descriptive and bivariate analysis was utilized 95% confidence intervals and P- value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result: - A total sample size was 414 in these 402 samples were collected with 98% of response rate. 241 (60%) were male neonates. The prevalence of neonatal hypothermia among new born babies admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa were 232 (57.7%). From 402 responses 30(7.5%) had extremely low birth weight, 51 (14.7%) had received resuscitation during birth, 250(62.2) were born in cold season. Neonates with low Apgar score at five minute, received resuscitation at birth, neonates didn’t received KMC, night time delivery and cold season delivery were significantly associated with admission hypothermia.
Conclusion and Recommendation: - In this study extremely low birth weight, low Apgar scores, Neonates with low Apgar score, received resuscitation at birth, neonates didn’t received KMC, delivery during the night time, and cold season were identified as risk factors for neonatal admission hypothermia. Enhanced monitoring of high-risk newborns: Infants with low birth weight, low Apgar scores, and those born during colder seasons or at night should receive enhanced monitoring for signs of hypothermia.
Keywords: Admission hypothermia, NICU
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Admission hypothermia NICU