Antiretroviral Treatment Associated Hyperglycemia and Dyslipidemia among HIV Infected Patients at Burayu Health Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2012
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2012-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Introduction: Development of HAART has brought significant suppression of viral replication,decreasing morbidity and mortality and dramatically transforming HIV into chronic disease.Unfortunately, the prospect of maintaining patients on HAART for long term may be restrictedby a heterogeneous collection of unexpected metabolic abnormalities, including dysregulation ofglucose metabolism, dyslipidemia and lipodystrophy.
Objective: To assess antiretroviral treatment associated hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia amongHIV infected patients at Burayu Health Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on adult HIV infected individuals atBurayu Health Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from September, 2011 to May, 2012. Equalnumber of HAART naïve and HAART initiated patients (n=126 each) were included in thestudy. Demographic data were collected using a well-structured questionnaire. TC, TG, HDL-C,LDL-C and glucose were determined using COBAS INTERGA 400 chemistry analyzer. Thedata were analyzed using SPSS version 19 software. Chi-square, student-t-test and logisticregression were used to assess association between variables. P value < 0.05 was considered asstatistically significant.
Result: Of 252 study participants, 72.2% were females, mean age was 35.3 years; mean BMIwas 21.4; mean time with the virus was 20.6 months; 62.7% were married; 48.4% were atprimary educational level; 52.4% were house wives; 15.5% were TB-HIV co-infected and 43.7%were categorized as WHO stage one. The prevalence of hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia,hypercholesterolemia, decreased HDL-C and increased LDL-C was 7.9%, 22.8%, 42.1%, 50.8%and 23% in HAART initiated and 5.6%, 10.3%, 11.1%, 73% and 7.1% in non-HAART groups,respectively. ART regimens observed as a first line were only containing 2 nucleoside backbones(from AZT/D4T/3TC/TDF) with either NVP or EFV. Serum TG level ≥200 mg/dl was morecommon among patients who received D4T based than those with AZT based antiretrovirals(34% versus 16.4%, P = 0.029).
Conclusion: First-line HAART is associated with potentially atherogenic lipid profile levels inpatients with HIV infection compared to untreated patients in our setting. This indicates glucose and lipid profile levels need to be monitored regularly in HIV infected patients taking antiretroviral treatment.
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Antiretroviral Treatment ,Hyperglycemia,Dyslipidemia ,HIV , Patients