Association of Nutritional Knowledge, Attitude and Dietary Practices With Nutritional Status of Adult People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Anti Retro Viral Treatment (Art) in Hiwot Amba Hospital, Addis Ababa

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Date

2020-11-02

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Addis Ababa University

Abstract

HIV/AIDS continues to be a major public health problem in Ethiopia. The current level of the national HIV prevalence in Ethiopia is 4.4%. It is acknowledged that there is a strong relationship between HIV and nutrition. All forms of malnutrition, especially under nutrition are the main problem that is adversely affecting people living with HIV/AIDS. To improve nutrition of those affected, appropriate nutritional knowledge, attitudes and use of the little available food should be enhanced. Poor nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and dietary practices therefore play a key role in the rapid progression of HIV. Nutritional status is a key determinant of the outcomes of Anti-Retroviral Therapy. This study was done to provide important information on nutritional knowledge, attitudes, practice and nutritional status of PLWHIV. This study aims to explore nutritional knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAP) and nutritional status of people living with HIV in Hiwot Amba Hospital. The specific research questions are the following: What is the level of nutrition-related KAP among PLWHIV in Hiwot Amba Hospital? Is there an association between nutritional knowledge, attitudes, practice, nutritional status and socio demographic factor among PLWHIV in Hiwot Amba Hospital? Institutional based cross-sectional study was used to associate nutritional KAP and nutritional status among adults living with HIV on ART follow up in Hiwot Amba Hospital. The study participants were selected using simple random sampling. A total of 170 HIV patients were included in the study. Anthropometric measurements and data collection was done using face-to-face interview using semi structured and pretested questionnaire. Data was checked and monitored for quality at all levels and then coded and entered to Excel and was exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Basic descriptive statistics were computed. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the association between outcome variable and explanatory variables. Odds ratio along with 95% CI was estimated to measure the strength of association. Level of statistical significance was declared at p value less than 0.05. The knowledge and attitude of adequate nutritional intake was fairly good but not fairly good dietary practice among studied HIV/AIDS patients. In the bivariate analysis whereby educational level (p=0.002), and income (p=0.008) significant effect with nutritional practices. But, Significant positive correlations between nutritional KAP were observed: nutritional K and A (p=0.001), nutritional K and P (p=0.02), and nutritional A and P (p=0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that No statistically significant associations between the knowledge score, Attitude score and practice score with BMI. Nutritional knowledge and attitude alone can’t solve the problem of under nutrition. So Attention needs to be given to improve the income, occupation, feeding habit and dietary diversity score of people living with HIV/AIDS.

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Keywords

Association, Nutritional Knowledge, Attitude, Dietary Practices, Nutritional Status, Adult People, Human Immunodeficiency, Virus, Anti Retro Viral Treatment, Hiwot Amba Hospital, Addis Ababa

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