Assessment of perioperative factors and postoperative outcomes associated with prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass duration in open heart surgery: a retrospective cross-sectional study, at TASH and CCE hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2025 G.C
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Date
2025-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) plays a crucial role in numerous cardiac surgeries, enabling surgeons to conduct very complicated procedures by taking over the functions of the heart and lungs. Although CPB has transformed cardiac surgery, the duration of bypass is associated with a range of postoperative complications that can affect morbidity and mortality rates. While the duration of CPB is a known risk factor for morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery, this relationship is also influenced other risk factors. Recognizing the implications of CPB duration is essential for improving surgical outcomes and ensuring patient safety. Objective: To investigate the association of cardiopulmonary bypass duration (CPB) on Perioperative factors and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing open-heart surgery. Method: This study was a retrospective, cross-sectional study involving all elective patients undergoing open-heart surgery. Data collection was conducted through direct chart reviews. Key demographic parameters (Age, BMI & Sex), Clinical Comorbidities (LVEF, HTN, DM and CKD), Intraoperative factors (such as blood transfusion, CPB duration and hemofiltration), Postoperative outcome (length of stay in the intensive care, total hospital stays, duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation) were assessed. These data were collected using a systematically structured questionnaire. Data entry was performed using EPI Info version 4.7 software by the research team, and subsequently analysis was conducted in STATA. Descriptive statistics were conducted for both categorical and continuous variables. A chi-square test was employed to assess the association between the outcome variables and the independent variables. Those variables that demonstrate significance in the bivariate analysis was included in the multivariable analysis to evaluate the strength of the associations and identify statically variables. Result: According to a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out at the TASH and CCE hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, adverse postoperative outcomes are substantially associated with prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) duration (more than 120 minutes). According to the results, 38.36% of patients had prolonged CPB, and this condition was highly correlated with longer ICU hospitalizations—69.09% of patients who had ICU stays longer than 72 hours had prolonged CPB with p-value of 0.000. Furthermore, 55% of patients admitted for more than 10 days had prolonged CPB with p-value of 0.000 and 80.9% of patients who needed mechanical ventilation for 12 to 48 hours had prolonged CPB with p-value of 0.000.
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Keywords
Cardiopulmonary bypass duration, intensive care unit