The Impact of Flood on the Rural Household Livelihoods: Evidence of Bora Woreda, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
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Date
2022-07
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Flooding in the Awash River Basin has significant socio-economic impacts on human lives and properties. Immediate impacts of flooding include loss of human life, damage to property, destruction of crops, loss of livestock and non-functioning of infrastructure facilities. Therefore, the study was aimed to assess and examine the impact of floods on rural household livelihood and the measures taken in Bora Woreda, Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia. A two stage stratified random sampling was employed to select 261 sample households from four kebeles. Data was collected using structured questionnaires; field observation and focused group discussion. To analyze the research objectives both descriptive and econometric models employed. The study identified the most important livelihood strategies such as; farm, farm plus nonfarm, farm plus off farm and combination of the three strategies have practiced by farmers while farming is the main one. The study found that total land size, livestock size, education level, access to market, access to road, access to irrigation, access to agriculture extension workers support and the household vulnerability of flood had significant impact on rural household livelihood. 67.4 percent respondents were mentioned that the impact of floods was severe (frequently occurred, takes longer time and damage the whole farm land). However, there is no significant evidence as whether the age, gender, marital status and access to electric power affect the household annual income size. More to the point, accessibility and improvement of livelihood resources like infrastructure (road and clear water) facilities, financial support, farmers capacity improvement, institutional and social capital development also call for policy makers and concerned bodies so that to improve rural households income and to eliminate flood impact.
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Keywords
Livelihood, Flood, Flood avert, Poverty, Rural Households, Bora Woreda