Ethiopia Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
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Date
2017-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Influenza is a highly infectious viral illness. The name ―influenza‖ originated in 15th century in Italy, from an epidemic attributed to ―influence of the stars.‖ Influenza is a single-stranded, helically shaped, Ribonuclic Acid virus of the orthomyxovirus family. Basic antigen types A, B, and the nuclear material determines C. In January 2011, Center for Disease Control estimated that pandemic H1N1 influenza virus caused more than 60 million Americans to become ill, and led to more than 270,000 hospitalizations and 12,500 deaths. Influenza A viruses in Ethiopia were reported nine confirmed cases and one pending as of August 2009. On 24 February 2016, a suspected H1N1 influenza like illness outbreak reported from Robe Woreda, Arsi Zone, to Oromia Regional Health Bureau Public Health Emergency Management team. Investigation was made to confirm the outbreak, identify risk factors and implement control measures.
Methods: Unmatched case-control study conducted. Structured questioner used to collect data from 16 cases and 32 controls. Controls defined as any person in the prison without sign and symptom of the disease. Sixteen blood specimens collected for laboratory confirmation.
Results: Sixteen suspected H1N1 cases identified and no death documented. Five of sixteen swab specimens tested positive for influenza sub type A H1N1pdm09. The overall attack rate was 31.25%.
Conclusion: A confirmed influenza sub type A H1N1pdm09 outbreak occurred in the prison of Robe woreda, Arsi Zone, Oromia Region. The outbreak affected prisoners, and workers of the prison. Active surveillance should be strengthened by the Woreda Health Office for the disease to reduce the risk of future outbreak in the prison.
Key words: H1N1, Outbreak, Prison, Ethiopia
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Keywords
H1N1, Outbreak, Prison, Ethiopia